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Goll, PE, recently traveled to Durban, South Africa, to participate in a symposium focused on “Dam Management and Restoration of River Connectivity.” Organized by the Ruben Rocha of the Dam Removal South Africa initiative of the former World Fish Migration Foundation (WFMF) and the Institute of Natural Resources (INR), this inaugural event brought together international experts, local researchers, and representatives from government agencies and environmental organizations to explore the complex challenges of balancing water security with ecosystem protection in South Africa. The dynamic two-day program featured on-site exploration, expert-led presentations, and collaborative “World Cafe” workshops aimed at advancing sustainable water management practices across South Africa. [caption id="attachment_17288" align="aligncenter" width="1346"] Photo by INR[/caption] Day One: A Field Visit to the uMkhomazi River The workshop kicked off with a visit to two weirs on the lower uMkhomazi River: the Goodenough Weir and the Department of Water and Sanitation Weir. Participants gained a firsthand perspective on the intricate and difficult balance between infrastructure development and ecosystem function preservation. At the Goodenough Weir, construction efforts to upgrade the structure were underway, incorporating a fish passage designed to support the upstream migration of native fish species. In contrast, just upstream, the outdated Department of Water and Sanitation Weir presented a stark example of the challenges posed by aging infrastructure. Its obsolete design continues to block river connectivity and disrupt natural habitats, impeding the broader success of restoration efforts downstream. The success of the Goodenough Weir’s fish passage structure will be evaluated for its effectiveness once in operation. This field visit provided an immersive learning experience, sparking meaningful discussions among attendees. Participants explored strategies for harmonizing ecological priorities with critical infrastructure needs, emphasizing the importance of collaboration and adopting a holistic, big-picture approach to sustainable water management and river connectivity. [caption id="attachment_17289" align="aligncenter" width="788"] Photo by WFMF[/caption] Day Two: Expert Insights and Collaborative Discussions The second day of the workshop was packed with impactful presentations and interactive discussions, offering both local and international perspectives on sustainable water management and river restoration. South African representatives shared innovative strategies and real-world examples from their work:
Princeton Hydro President Geoffrey M. Goll, PE, recently traveled to Durban, South Africa, to participate in a symposium focused on “Dam Management and Restoration of River Connectivity.”
Organized by the Ruben Rocha of the Dam Removal South Africa initiative of the former World Fish Migration Foundation (WFMF) and the Institute of Natural Resources (INR), this inaugural event brought together international experts, local researchers, and representatives from government agencies and environmental organizations to explore the complex challenges of balancing water security with ecosystem protection in South Africa. The dynamic two-day program featured on-site exploration, expert-led presentations, and collaborative “World Cafe” workshops aimed at advancing sustainable water management practices across South Africa.
The workshop kicked off with a visit to two weirs on the lower uMkhomazi River: the Goodenough Weir and the Department of Water and Sanitation Weir. Participants gained a firsthand perspective on the intricate and difficult balance between infrastructure development and ecosystem function preservation. At the Goodenough Weir, construction efforts to upgrade the structure were underway, incorporating a fish passage designed to support the upstream migration of native fish species. In contrast, just upstream, the outdated Department of Water and Sanitation Weir presented a stark example of the challenges posed by aging infrastructure. Its obsolete design continues to block river connectivity and disrupt natural habitats, impeding the broader success of restoration efforts downstream. The success of the Goodenough Weir’s fish passage structure will be evaluated for its effectiveness once in operation.
This field visit provided an immersive learning experience, sparking meaningful discussions among attendees. Participants explored strategies for harmonizing ecological priorities with critical infrastructure needs, emphasizing the importance of collaboration and adopting a holistic, big-picture approach to sustainable water management and river connectivity.
The second day of the workshop was packed with impactful presentations and interactive discussions, offering both local and international perspectives on sustainable water management and river restoration.
South African representatives shared innovative strategies and real-world examples from their work:
Navashni Govender of SANParks highlighted South Africa's groundbreaking efforts in Kruger National Park, where dam removals—the first of their kind on the African continent—have restored natural river flow and enhanced biodiversity.
Nkosinjani Mkhize of the Pongola-Umzimkhulu Catchment Management Agency discussed strategies for balancing social and ecological demands.
Futhi Vilakazi of uMngeni-uThukela Water addressed the dual challenge of securing water supplies and protecting ecosystems, with a focus on catchment interventions.
Dr. Andrew Blackmore of KZN Wildlife provided a detailed exploration of South Africa’s complex regulatory framework for dam removal, shedding light on how to navigate environmental legislation effectively.
The program also welcomed two international experts who enriched the conversation with perspectives from their respective regions:
Princeton Hydro President Geoffrey M. Goll, PE delivered a presentation titled “Sediment Management Before, During, and After Dam/Weir Removal,” emphasizing the critical role of sediment in maintaining river health. Through case studies and strategies from the United States, he demonstrated how proactive sediment management can enhance both the ecological and social benefits of barrier removal. His insights underscored the interconnected challenges of sedimentation, water quality, and dam removal—issues South Africa must address to achieve sustainable water resource management.
Mr. Hamish Moir of Scotland’s CBEC Eco-Engineering shared success stories from Europe, including projects in Scotland, the UK, and Iceland. His presentation on reconnecting rivers through selective barrier removal showcased how nature-based solutions can improve ecosystem dynamics and mitigate flood risks, offering valuable lessons for South Africa.
The day concluded with interactive "World Café" workshop sessions focused on key themes such as stakeholder involvement, governance mechanisms, water scarcity, biodiversity, socio-economic impacts, and funding models. Participants explored solutions for integrating ecological, social, and economic priorities into river restoration projects.
Together, the presentations and workshops provided actionable knowledge and innovative approaches to advancing river connectivity and sustainable dam management.
After the conference, Geoff had the honor of being invited by Dr. Matthew Burnett to tour the University of KwaZulu-Natal’s hydraulics lab. Dr. Burnett, who serves as Principal Scientist at the Institute of Natural Resources, Honorary Freshwater Ecology Researcher at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, and coordinator of the “Dam Management and Restoration of River Connectivity” symposium, introduced Geoff to the research being conducted at the University. Researchers there are developing sediment transport models and fish passage testing methods. The emerging program reflects South Africa’s growing commitment to tackling water scarcity, sedimentation, and ecosystem health.
Geoff noted that South Africa is at a pivotal stage in balancing water security with ecological protection. Many dams, while designed for long-term water availability, struggle with sedimentation that reduces reservoir capacity and leads to water quality issues like harmful algal blooms, in addition to creating barriers for diadromous and potamodromous fish, prawn, and crab species. These challenges highlight the need for integrated solutions that address human, agricultural, and biodiversity needs, ensuring sustainable outcomes.
“It was an honor to be invited to South Africa to participate in this important workshop and collaborate with so many talented individuals, all while gaining a deeper understanding of the country’s water resource challenges,” said Geoff. “By exchanging knowledge and ideas from around the world, we can foster innovative approaches and shape balanced solutions.”
Geoff’s participation exemplifies Princeton Hydro’s commitment to advancing global river restoration efforts. By sharing expertise and fostering collaborative dialogue, the workshop in Durban marked a meaningful step toward reconnecting South Africa’s rivers and creating a more sustainable future for its communities and ecosystems.
Before the workshop, Geoff and his wife, Amy, began the trip in Cape Town immersing themselves in South Africa’s rich culture and natural beauty. They explored the city, took part in a guided history tour, and visited the Cape of Good Hope where they admired the stunning coastal landscape, vibrant flora, and fascinating wildlife, including African penguins!
Princeton Hydro's President and Founding Principal, Geoffrey M. Goll, PE, recently participated in the prestigious Free Flow 2024 conference in Groningen, The Netherlands. This international event, focused on protecting and restoring free-flowing rivers, gathered policy makers, river managers, ecologists, researchers, students, and industry professionals from around the globe. With 130 speakers spread across 27 sessions, the conference delved into crucial topics like dam removal, fish passage, and the ecology of free-flowing rivers.
Free Flow 2024, organized by the World Fish Migration Foundation and the Institute of Fisheries Management, highlighted the urgent need for river restoration to achieve the EU 2030 Biodiversity goal of freeing up 25,000 km (15,534 miles) of rivers. The conference aimed to connect practitioners and scientists, promote knowledge sharing, and spur the implementation of innovative river restoration projects.
Geoff participated in an expert panel for the "Prioritizing Rivers and Dams for Restoration" workshop. The workshop, moderated by Joshua Royte of The Nature Conservancy and Dr. Ruben van Treeck of World Wide Fund For Nature Germany, also included esteemed panelists Dr. Carlos Garcia De Leaniz of Swansea University, Dr. Jesse O'Hanley of the University of Kent, and Dr. Paulo Branco of the University of Lisbon. The discussion focused on the most efficient means and tools for prioritizing the removal of stream and river barriers in watersheds, considering both micro- and macroscale approaches. Geoff's contribution centered on the confounding and feasibility issues of individual barriers that could influence the overall prioritization process.
Geoff also led a presentation titled "Dam Removal is not just about Dam Removal," Geoff emphasized the multifaceted benefits of dam removal beyond fish passage restoration. He argued that successful dam removal projects hinge on understanding and balancing the diverse values of stakeholders, managing sediment, protecting infrastructure, and recognizing the opportunities for restoring natural capital.
During the presentation, Geoff highlighted that while many dams no longer serve their original functions, some remain integral to the communities around them, often holding deep emotional significance. His presentation illustrated the wide-ranging restoration possibilities and community benefits of dam removal, including:
Additionally, Geoff's presentation reviewed the values of existing dams and their impoundments, the institutional and physical challenges of removal, and showcased successful examples of dam removal projects in the northeastern United States, providing valuable insights for European ecosystem restoration efforts.
Princeton Hydro was also proud to sponsor the Dam Removal & Small Barriers portion of the education program.
In advance of his panel presentation, Geoff created and distributed a poll using Mentimeter to gather insights from conference attendees. This interactive approach allowed participants to share their thoughts and experiences ahead of the workshop, fostering a more engaging and tailored discussion. The questions posed in the poll were designed to capture a range of perspectives on barrier removal, a key topic at the conference.
The responses collected provided valuable input that helped shape the dialogue during Geoff's presentation. Here are the visual results of the poll:
The creative atmosphere of the Oosterpoort venue in Groningen fostered dynamic exchanges of ideas and solutions. The conference featured over 100 presentations, divided into parallel sessions, providing a comprehensive exploration of river restoration topics, including: Ecology and hydromorphology of free-flowing rivers; freshwater fish and fisheries; hydropower development vs. free-flowing rivers; policies for free-flowing rivers; river restoration tools and projects; cultural and socio-economic aspects of free-flowing rivers; nature-based solutions; and dam removal and fish passage projects.
The conference included various networking opportunities, such as a cocktail reception on the first evening and a conference dinner on the second, allowing attendees to connect and discuss their work in a more relaxed setting. Throughout the conference, poster sessions showcased ongoing research, and an exhibitor marketplace provided an additional platform for participants to engage with the latest innovations and tools in river restoration.
Participants also had the opportunity to join one of five field trips organized in cooperation with the Wadden Sea Swimway project. These excursions provided a hands-on look at various river restoration and fish passage projects. For instance, one field trip followed the journey of a sea trout as it navigates to its ancestral spawning grounds, offering participants an immersive experience in understanding the challenges and successes of fish migration.
The Free Flow 2024 conference underscored the critical importance of river restoration in the face of climate change and biodiversity loss. By bringing together leading experts and fostering a collaborative environment, the event contributed significantly to the advancement of knowledge and the implementation of effective river restoration strategies.
"Participating in the Free Flow 2024 Conference was an incredible opportunity to collaborate with global experts dedicated to river restoration," said Geoff. "Through insightful discussions and educational sessions, we exchanged valuable knowledge and experiences, strengthening our shared commitment to protecting and restoring free-flowing rivers. It is encouraging to witness the dedication and innovative solutions being applied globally.”
Click here to learn more about Free Flow 2024, view presentation abstracts, the complete agenda, and more photos from the conference.
Princeton Hydro has successfully designed, permitted, and overseen the removal of over 84 dams to date. Geoff holds a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Rutgers University and a Master of Engineering Management from UW–Madison. His knowledge encompasses water resources and geotechnical engineering, including sediment management, stream and river restoration, stormwater management, green infrastructure, freshwater wetland and coastal marsh design, dam design, and dam removal. Geoff’s is recognized as a distinguished leader in advancing innovative and effective solutions for dam removal and river restoration. To read about a recent dam removal project that Geoff spearheaded with The Nature Conservancy in New Jersey, click here.
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