We’re committed to improving our ecosystems, quality of life, and communities for the better.
Our passion and commitment to the integration of innovative science and engineering drive us to exceed on behalf of every client.
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Designed to be intuitive and easy to navigate, ArcGIS StoryMaps is a web-based tool that brings together visual storytelling, maps, charts, diagrams, photos, and clickable data points into a single, user-friendly experience. Our approach to creating StoryMaps for our clients combines technical rigor with thoughtful design and content development, ensuring that data is not only accurate but also meaningful and accessible. From that foundation, we design each StoryMap with a strong focus on audience engagement, tailoring narrative content and visual presentation to meet the diverse needs of users, from project stakeholders and municipal decision-makers to community members. Using ESRI’s ArcGIS platform, our team develops geospatial datasets, conducts spatial analysis, and transforms modeling outputs into clear, practical information. Where relevant, we incorporate before-and-after photographs and video footage captured by our scientists and engineers in the field, offering unique perspectives on design and construction. To support deeper exploration, we also curate supplemental resources and links to additional materials, enabling users to continue learning beyond the StoryMap itself. Explore the StoryMap examples below to see how Princeton Hydro uses interactive storytelling to support environmental planning, communicate restoration efforts, and foster meaningful public engagement. Readington Township Environmental Resource Inventory In partnership with Readington Township, Princeton Hydro developed New Jersey’s first fully interactive Environmental Resource Inventory (ERI), commissioned by the Township’s Environmental Commission. Developed as an ArcGIS StoryMap, the ERI establishes a comprehensive baseline inventory of the Township’s natural, cultural, and environmental resources, while expanding upon the previous ERI published in 2002. The digital platform integrates narrative storytelling, statistical analyses, and media to provide visual depictions of environmental features and land usage. The platform's dynamic web‑based mapping allows users to explore data through intuitive zooming, panning, and attribute querying without the need for specialized GIS software. Designed to support municipal decision‑making, conservation planning, scientific investigation, and zoning reviews, the ERI serves governing bodies, residents, land managers, developers, and other stakeholders by offering an accessible, objective, and highly functional tool for understanding and protecting Readington’s environmental resources. As a result of this first-of-its-kind, interactive resource, the Township was awarded the Association of NJ Environmental Commissions (ANJEC) 2023 Environmental Achievement Award, which recognizes exceptional projects carried out by environmental commissions and groups. Click here to explore now. Schuylkill River Water Quality & Public Perception Study [gallery size="full" link="none" ids="10975,10973,10972"] Schuylkill River Greenways, in partnership with Berks Nature, Bartram’s Garden, The Schuylkill Center for Environmental Education, Stroud Water Research Center, and Princeton Hydro, with funding from the William Penn Foundation, developed a StoryMap that reveals location perceptions of the Schuylkill River and presents the results of a year-long monitoring effort that included water quality data collection, bacteria sampling, and a community science survey in which 100+ volunteers assessed trash conditions along the river. The platform helps bridge the gap between scientific data and public perception, encouraging informed engagement and recreation. The sampling protocols and interactive ArcGIS StoryMap were designed by Princeton Hydro in collaboration with project partners. Through integrated maps, data dashboards, and narrative content, the StoryMap presents detailed results from the perception and opinions survey, water quality monitoring, and trash assessments in a clear and engaging format. The data collected tells the tale of a vibrant river corridor with numerous opportunities for kayaking, fishing, bird watching, hiking, and biking. The Deputy Director of Schuylkill River Greenways summed it up well: "As we had hoped, we found that the river is indeed in great shape and we are now trying to spread the good news that all kinds of recreation on the river are safe and encouraged. We have an incredible recreational and environmental asset in this river, and we want everyone to know about it." Click here to explore now. Lake Luxembourg Conservation Pool Restoration Project Developed in partnership with the Bucks County Conservation District and Bucks County Planning Commission, this StoryMap showcases the decade-long effort to restore the Lake Luxembourg Conservation Pool. It highlights key project elements, including sediment removal, wetland restoration, and shoreline stabilization, while also addressing long-term watershed resilience and future environmental challenges. The interactive platform translates complex planning, engineering, and ecological restoration work into a visually rich and accessible experience. Users can explore watershed dynamics, past restoration efforts, and detailed construction milestones through interactive maps, drone footage, and before-and-after imagery, all without the need for specialized GIS software or training. By combining technical content with intuitive navigation and storytelling, the StoryMap makes years of planning, permitting, and construction easy to understand for a broad audience. It serves as both an educational resource and a comprehensive record of the project, connecting the community with its watershed and reinforcing the importance of restoration and environmental stewardship. Click here to explore now. Maurice River Watershed Explorer Princeton Hydro partnered with CU Maurice River, a nonprofit organization dedicated to protecting the natural integrity and cultural heritage of the Maurice River Watershed in NJ, to develop an interactive StoryMap that highlights the region’s unique ecological, recreational, and cultural resources. The StoryMap provides a comprehensive, watershed-scale view of the Maurice River system, allowing users to explore an extensive range of features including Wild and Scenic River designations, natural and cultural points of interest, public access locations, boating resources, and local amenities such as lodging, dining, and outfitting services. Through interactive maps, users can zoom and pan to specific locations, view site details and attributes, and navigate the watershed without the need for specialized GIS software or training. Supported by descriptive narratives, travel guidance, and safety advisories, the StoryMap serves as both an educational resource and a practical tool for exploring and planning visits throughout the watershed. The StoryMap supports CU Maurice River’s long-standing commitment to eco-tourism and stewardship, helping people discover, experience, and celebrate one of New Jersey’s most ecologically significant and scenic river systems. Click here to explore now. Harveys Lake Water Quality & Restoration StoryMap In collaboration with the Borough of Harveys Lake, Princeton Hydro developed an interactive StoryMap that chronicles the community’s long-standing commitment to water quality and highlights a recent pilot project targeting nutrient reduction. This engaging StoryMap brings decades of environmental conservation and water quality protection efforts to life. Users can explore a historical timeline, interactive restoration maps, and detailed insights into a 2025 pilot study that improved water quality by using innovative filtration media to reduce phosphorus and nitrogen in stormwater runoff. The StoryMap also emphasizes Harveys Lake's broader connections to the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, demonstrating how local actions contribute to regional environmental improvements. Serving as both an educational tool and a digital archive, it reinforces the value of science-based solutions and community engagement in watershed stewardship. Click here to explore now. Millburn Township Environmental Resource Inventory Commissioned by the Millburn Township Environmental Commission, Princeton Hydro developed a comprehensive, data driven ERI for Millburn Township to replace its 2014 version and provide an updated framework for environmental planning. Built as an interactive ArcGIS StoryMap, this resource integrates narrative content, mapping, and multimedia to clearly document the Township’s environmental, cultural, and historical assets. The ERI is organized into user-friendly sections that guide readers from broad environmental context to more detailed analyses, allowing for both high-level understanding and deeper exploration. Leveraging datasets from NJDEP, NJGIN, and local sources, the ERI presents information across a wide range of environmental and land use topics, including climate trends, waters and wetlands; geography, geology, and soils; air quality; and vegetation and wildlife. Officially adopted in January 2026, the StoryMap serves as a valuable tool for municipal officials, planners, and the Environmental Commission, while also providing residents, land managers, and other stakeholders with an enhanced understanding of Millburn’s natural resources. Click here to explore now. Greenwich Coastal Resiliency Assessment The Town of Greenwich, Connecticut worked with Princeton Hydro, in partnership with Ecopolitan Design and BRS, to assess vulnerabilities to coastal flooding and sea level rise and develop a comprehensive coastal resilience strategy. With 27 miles of shoreline along Long Island Sound and numerous critical assets in low-lying areas, the Town sought to better understand climate-related risks and establish priorities for adaptation. As part of the Greenwich Coastal Resiliency Assessment and Plan, Princeton Hydro developed a StoryMap that translates technical analyses into a detailed, accessible overview of the Town’s vulnerability to coastal flooding and sea level rise, including impacts to public facilities, infrastructure, and areas served by on-site septic systems. Users can explore sea level rise risk assessments, projected flooding scenarios, tidal pond evaluations, recommended resilience strategies, and community perspectives, along with helpful resources. By presenting complex climate data in a clear and interactive format, the StoryMap serves as a planning resource and increases awareness of coastal risks and resilience strategies as Greenwich prepares for future conditions. Click here to explore now. D&R Canal Master Plan Data Dashboard To support the development of the 2025 D&R Canal Master Plan update, Princeton Hydro partnered with Clarke Caton Hintz to create a comprehensive geospatial dataset that reflects current physical, environmental, and social conditions through the park and surrounding region. The previous Master Plan, last updated in 1989, predated many of the advancements in geospatial data that are now available to inform planning and decision-making. Princeton Hydro curated a selection of datasets covering a wide range of topics, including land use and development, topography, hydrology and water resource protection, flood risk, threatened and endangered species, demographics, and environmental justice, creating a detailed and consistent data foundation for the master planning process. These datasets were integrated into an ESRI geodatabase and made accessible through an interactive, user-friendly dashboard. Users can refine their exploration by selecting specific geographies, including Delaware and Raritan Canal Commission review zones, counties, and municipalities. This flexibility allows planners and stakeholders to better understand spatial patterns and relationships across the region, supporting more informed, data-driven decision-making. Click here to explore now. Across each of these projects, StoryMaps serve as a bridge between technical analysis and public understanding. By turning complex information into interactive experiences, StoryMaps help support informed decisions and build stronger connections to the environment. [post_title] => Using StoryMaps to Support Environmental Planning and Inspire Community Engagement [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => open [ping_status] => open [post_password] => [post_name] => using-storymaps-to-support-environmental-planning-and-inspire-community-engagement [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2026-06-10 12:54:47 [post_modified_gmt] => 2026-06-10 12:54:47 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://princetonhydro.com/?p=19892 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => post [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [1] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 19827 [post_author] => 1 [post_date] => 2026-06-05 15:15:01 [post_date_gmt] => 2026-06-05 15:15:01 [post_content] => Welcome to our “A Day in the Life” blog series, where we highlight the expertise and experiences of our team members as they work to advance Princeton Hydro’s mission of improving ecosystems, quality of life, and communities. In this edition, we take to the skies with Ryan Eno, EIT, a Staff Engineer in our Geosciences group and an FAA-certified drone operator whose work blends engineering, technology, and creativity to support our projects. Ryan’s role offers a unique perspective (quite literally) on how drones are shaping environmental restoration and monitoring efforts. Let’s get a bird’s-eye view of a day in the life of a Princeton Hydro drone operator: Pre-Flight Planning and Airspace Navigation Ryan’s day often starts well before he steps onto a project site. Drone operation requires careful pre-flight planning, especially when working across varied landscapes and within regulated airspace. Ryan uses mapping tools and satellite imagery to identify safe launch points and ensure he can maintain a clear line of sight with the drone throughout the flight, a requirement set by the FAA. “For any project, the first step is checking airspace restrictions,” Ryan explains. “There are limitations around government facilities, state lands, and, without much advanced notice, no-fly zones that can be implemented around high-profile locations.” Operating drones professionally comes with even more regulatory and logistical considerations. “There are a lot of airspace restrictions to keep track of,” Ryan explains. “For example, drones cannot be flown in New Jersey State Parks without permission, and temporary flight restrictions can change depending on circumstances.” Balancing these requirements with field conditions requires flexibility, attention to detail, and constant awareness. “It is all about planning, safety, and making sure we are operating responsibly and within the law.” [gallery ids="19895,19896,19897"] In the Field: Navigating Conditions and Capturing the Shot Once on site, Ryan is focused on safety, positioning, and capturing the right visuals. “In many cases, just getting the drone to a safe takeoff location is the first challenge,” he says. “You need a clear opening in the tree canopy and enough space to launch and land safely.” Operating in natural environments introduces additional complexity. Dense vegetation, uneven terrain, and changing weather conditions require constant awareness and adaptability. “Even though our drone has obstacle-avoidance sensors, they are not perfect, especially with moving tree branches,” Ryan notes. “I have to stay focused and anticipate how the drone will move through the environment.” Ryan also remains mindful of wildlife and ecological sensitivity during drone operation, “Drones usually fly high enough as to not disturb animals on the ground, but we always pay close attention to birds, especially during nesting seasons." [gallery ids="19884,19882,19883"] Capturing Change from Above One of the most valuable aspects of Ryan’s work is documenting the transformation of our project sites. Using Princeton Hydro’s DJI Phantom 4 Pro V2, a high-resolution aerial photography drone, Ryan captures imagery that helps tell the story of a project from start to finish. “I really enjoy projects where I can capture a site before and after construction,” he says. “The drone really helps tell the story and provide a complete perspective. It captures the entire transformation in a single frame, which is much harder to convey from the ground.” The aerial drone images and videos are often used to:
At Princeton Hydro, ArcGIS StoryMaps is one of the tools we use to translate complex environmental assessments, geographic information system (GIS) analyses, water quality data, and restoration projects into accessible, interactive digital experiences that support municipal planning and help communities better understand and connect with their local environments. Designed to be intuitive and easy to navigate, ArcGIS StoryMaps is a web-based tool that brings together visual storytelling, maps, charts, diagrams, photos, and clickable data points into a single, user-friendly experience.
Our approach to creating StoryMaps for our clients combines technical rigor with thoughtful design and content development, ensuring that data is not only accurate but also meaningful and accessible. From that foundation, we design each StoryMap with a strong focus on audience engagement, tailoring narrative content and visual presentation to meet the diverse needs of users, from project stakeholders and municipal decision-makers to community members. Using ESRI’s ArcGIS platform, our team develops geospatial datasets, conducts spatial analysis, and transforms modeling outputs into clear, practical information. Where relevant, we incorporate before-and-after photographs and video footage captured by our scientists and engineers in the field, offering unique perspectives on design and construction. To support deeper exploration, we also curate supplemental resources and links to additional materials, enabling users to continue learning beyond the StoryMap itself.
Explore the StoryMap examples below to see how Princeton Hydro uses interactive storytelling to support environmental planning, communicate restoration efforts, and foster meaningful public engagement.
In partnership with Readington Township, Princeton Hydro developed New Jersey’s first fully interactive Environmental Resource Inventory (ERI), commissioned by the Township’s Environmental Commission. Developed as an ArcGIS StoryMap, the ERI establishes a comprehensive baseline inventory of the Township’s natural, cultural, and environmental resources, while expanding upon the previous ERI published in 2002. The digital platform integrates narrative storytelling, statistical analyses, and media to provide visual depictions of environmental features and land usage. The platform's dynamic web‑based mapping allows users to explore data through intuitive zooming, panning, and attribute querying without the need for specialized GIS software.
Designed to support municipal decision‑making, conservation planning, scientific investigation, and zoning reviews, the ERI serves governing bodies, residents, land managers, developers, and other stakeholders by offering an accessible, objective, and highly functional tool for understanding and protecting Readington’s environmental resources. As a result of this first-of-its-kind, interactive resource, the Township was awarded the Association of NJ Environmental Commissions (ANJEC) 2023 Environmental Achievement Award, which recognizes exceptional projects carried out by environmental commissions and groups.
Schuylkill River Greenways, in partnership with Berks Nature, Bartram’s Garden, The Schuylkill Center for Environmental Education, Stroud Water Research Center, and Princeton Hydro, with funding from the William Penn Foundation, developed a StoryMap that reveals location perceptions of the Schuylkill River and presents the results of a year-long monitoring effort that included water quality data collection, bacteria sampling, and a community science survey in which 100+ volunteers assessed trash conditions along the river. The platform helps bridge the gap between scientific data and public perception, encouraging informed engagement and recreation.
The sampling protocols and interactive ArcGIS StoryMap were designed by Princeton Hydro in collaboration with project partners. Through integrated maps, data dashboards, and narrative content, the StoryMap presents detailed results from the perception and opinions survey, water quality monitoring, and trash assessments in a clear and engaging format. The data collected tells the tale of a vibrant river corridor with numerous opportunities for kayaking, fishing, bird watching, hiking, and biking. The Deputy Director of Schuylkill River Greenways summed it up well: "As we had hoped, we found that the river is indeed in great shape and we are now trying to spread the good news that all kinds of recreation on the river are safe and encouraged. We have an incredible recreational and environmental asset in this river, and we want everyone to know about it."
Developed in partnership with the Bucks County Conservation District and Bucks County Planning Commission, this StoryMap showcases the decade-long effort to restore the Lake Luxembourg Conservation Pool. It highlights key project elements, including sediment removal, wetland restoration, and shoreline stabilization, while also addressing long-term watershed resilience and future environmental challenges.
The interactive platform translates complex planning, engineering, and ecological restoration work into a visually rich and accessible experience. Users can explore watershed dynamics, past restoration efforts, and detailed construction milestones through interactive maps, drone footage, and before-and-after imagery, all without the need for specialized GIS software or training. By combining technical content with intuitive navigation and storytelling, the StoryMap makes years of planning, permitting, and construction easy to understand for a broad audience. It serves as both an educational resource and a comprehensive record of the project, connecting the community with its watershed and reinforcing the importance of restoration and environmental stewardship.
Princeton Hydro partnered with CU Maurice River, a nonprofit organization dedicated to protecting the natural integrity and cultural heritage of the Maurice River Watershed in NJ, to develop an interactive StoryMap that highlights the region’s unique ecological, recreational, and cultural resources. The StoryMap provides a comprehensive, watershed-scale view of the Maurice River system, allowing users to explore an extensive range of features including Wild and Scenic River designations, natural and cultural points of interest, public access locations, boating resources, and local amenities such as lodging, dining, and outfitting services. Through interactive maps, users can zoom and pan to specific locations, view site details and attributes, and navigate the watershed without the need for specialized GIS software or training.
Supported by descriptive narratives, travel guidance, and safety advisories, the StoryMap serves as both an educational resource and a practical tool for exploring and planning visits throughout the watershed. The StoryMap supports CU Maurice River’s long-standing commitment to eco-tourism and stewardship, helping people discover, experience, and celebrate one of New Jersey’s most ecologically significant and scenic river systems.
In collaboration with the Borough of Harveys Lake, Princeton Hydro developed an interactive StoryMap that chronicles the community’s long-standing commitment to water quality and highlights a recent pilot project targeting nutrient reduction. This engaging StoryMap brings decades of environmental conservation and water quality protection efforts to life. Users can explore a historical timeline, interactive restoration maps, and detailed insights into a 2025 pilot study that improved water quality by using innovative filtration media to reduce phosphorus and nitrogen in stormwater runoff.
The StoryMap also emphasizes Harveys Lake's broader connections to the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, demonstrating how local actions contribute to regional environmental improvements. Serving as both an educational tool and a digital archive, it reinforces the value of science-based solutions and community engagement in watershed stewardship.
Commissioned by the Millburn Township Environmental Commission, Princeton Hydro developed a comprehensive, data driven ERI for Millburn Township to replace its 2014 version and provide an updated framework for environmental planning. Built as an interactive ArcGIS StoryMap, this resource integrates narrative content, mapping, and multimedia to clearly document the Township’s environmental, cultural, and historical assets. The ERI is organized into user-friendly sections that guide readers from broad environmental context to more detailed analyses, allowing for both high-level understanding and deeper exploration. Leveraging datasets from NJDEP, NJGIN, and local sources, the ERI presents information across a wide range of environmental and land use topics, including climate trends, waters and wetlands; geography, geology, and soils; air quality; and vegetation and wildlife.
Officially adopted in January 2026, the StoryMap serves as a valuable tool for municipal officials, planners, and the Environmental Commission, while also providing residents, land managers, and other stakeholders with an enhanced understanding of Millburn’s natural resources.
The Town of Greenwich, Connecticut worked with Princeton Hydro, in partnership with Ecopolitan Design and BRS, to assess vulnerabilities to coastal flooding and sea level rise and develop a comprehensive coastal resilience strategy. With 27 miles of shoreline along Long Island Sound and numerous critical assets in low-lying areas, the Town sought to better understand climate-related risks and establish priorities for adaptation.
As part of the Greenwich Coastal Resiliency Assessment and Plan, Princeton Hydro developed a StoryMap that translates technical analyses into a detailed, accessible overview of the Town’s vulnerability to coastal flooding and sea level rise, including impacts to public facilities, infrastructure, and areas served by on-site septic systems. Users can explore sea level rise risk assessments, projected flooding scenarios, tidal pond evaluations, recommended resilience strategies, and community perspectives, along with helpful resources. By presenting complex climate data in a clear and interactive format, the StoryMap serves as a planning resource and increases awareness of coastal risks and resilience strategies as Greenwich prepares for future conditions.
To support the development of the 2025 D&R Canal Master Plan update, Princeton Hydro partnered with Clarke Caton Hintz to create a comprehensive geospatial dataset that reflects current physical, environmental, and social conditions through the park and surrounding region. The previous Master Plan, last updated in 1989, predated many of the advancements in geospatial data that are now available to inform planning and decision-making.
Princeton Hydro curated a selection of datasets covering a wide range of topics, including land use and development, topography, hydrology and water resource protection, flood risk, threatened and endangered species, demographics, and environmental justice, creating a detailed and consistent data foundation for the master planning process. These datasets were integrated into an ESRI geodatabase and made accessible through an interactive, user-friendly dashboard. Users can refine their exploration by selecting specific geographies, including Delaware and Raritan Canal Commission review zones, counties, and municipalities. This flexibility allows planners and stakeholders to better understand spatial patterns and relationships across the region, supporting more informed, data-driven decision-making.
Across each of these projects, StoryMaps serve as a bridge between technical analysis and public understanding. By turning complex information into interactive experiences, StoryMaps help support informed decisions and build stronger connections to the environment.
Welcome to our “A Day in the Life” blog series, where we highlight the expertise and experiences of our team members as they work to advance Princeton Hydro’s mission of improving ecosystems, quality of life, and communities. In this edition, we take to the skies with Ryan Eno, EIT, a Staff Engineer in our Geosciences group and an FAA-certified drone operator whose work blends engineering, technology, and creativity to support our projects.
Ryan’s role offers a unique perspective (quite literally) on how drones are shaping environmental restoration and monitoring efforts. Let’s get a bird’s-eye view of a day in the life of a Princeton Hydro drone operator:
Ryan’s day often starts well before he steps onto a project site. Drone operation requires careful pre-flight planning, especially when working across varied landscapes and within regulated airspace. Ryan uses mapping tools and satellite imagery to identify safe launch points and ensure he can maintain a clear line of sight with the drone throughout the flight, a requirement set by the FAA. “For any project, the first step is checking airspace restrictions,” Ryan explains. “There are limitations around government facilities, state lands, and, without much advanced notice, no-fly zones that can be implemented around high-profile locations.”
Operating drones professionally comes with even more regulatory and logistical considerations. “There are a lot of airspace restrictions to keep track of,” Ryan explains. “For example, drones cannot be flown in New Jersey State Parks without permission, and temporary flight restrictions can change depending on circumstances.” Balancing these requirements with field conditions requires flexibility, attention to detail, and constant awareness. “It is all about planning, safety, and making sure we are operating responsibly and within the law.”
Once on site, Ryan is focused on safety, positioning, and capturing the right visuals. “In many cases, just getting the drone to a safe takeoff location is the first challenge,” he says. “You need a clear opening in the tree canopy and enough space to launch and land safely.”
Operating in natural environments introduces additional complexity. Dense vegetation, uneven terrain, and changing weather conditions require constant awareness and adaptability. “Even though our drone has obstacle-avoidance sensors, they are not perfect, especially with moving tree branches,” Ryan notes. “I have to stay focused and anticipate how the drone will move through the environment.”
Ryan also remains mindful of wildlife and ecological sensitivity during drone operation, “Drones usually fly high enough as to not disturb animals on the ground, but we always pay close attention to birds, especially during nesting seasons."
One of the most valuable aspects of Ryan’s work is documenting the transformation of our project sites. Using Princeton Hydro’s DJI Phantom 4 Pro V2, a high-resolution aerial photography drone, Ryan captures imagery that helps tell the story of a project from start to finish. “I really enjoy projects where I can capture a site before and after construction,” he says. “The drone really helps tell the story and provide a complete perspective. It captures the entire transformation in a single frame, which is much harder to convey from the ground.”
The aerial drone images and videos are often used to:
This type of imagery is especially powerful for Princeton Hydro’s ecosystem restoration projects. A recent example is Princeton Hydro’s work on the Paulina Lake Dam removal and Paulins Kill River restoration in Warren County, New Jersey. Led by The Nature Conservancy and funded by the NJDEP Division of Fish and Wildlife, the project reconnected 7.6 miles of river habitat, building on an additional 10 miles restored through the earlier Columbia Lake Dam removal. From the ground, it can be challenging to grasp the full extent of change following a dam removal. Aerial imagery captured before, during, and after construction provides a comprehensive view of how the river system responds. When the site was revisited a year later, the transformation was clear. The river had re-established its natural flow and reconnected habitats that had been fragmented for generations.
Drone footage captured by The Nature Conservancy, Renova Environmental Company, and Princeton Hydro played a key role in documenting this process. Drawing on aerial imagery collected before demolition and throughout construction, the resulting video illustrates the full progression of the project, from initial notching to full restoration. It highlights how careful sequencing, sediment management, and adaptive design allow rivers to recover rapidly once barriers are removed.
Drones at Princeton Hydro are used in a wide range of applications. “They allow us to access remote areas and collect data much faster than traditional methods,” Ryan says. “Applications like wildlife surveys and large-scale monitoring are being transformed by drone technology." Drones equipped with multispectral, thermal, and LiDAR sensors can generate detailed datasets that support habitat mapping, vegetation analysis, and long-term monitoring. These tools help project teams better understand site conditions, identify degraded areas, measure restoration success over time, and conduct comprehensive scientific studies.
A notable example is Princeton Hydro’s involvement in a groundbreaking drone-based research initiative to monitor harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the Delaware River Watershed. This effort, done in partnership with Friends of Hopewell Valley Open Space with funding from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation's (NFWF) Delaware Watershed Conservation Fund (DWCF), in partnership with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, the project leverages drone technology and advanced data modeling to identify environmental conditions that contribute to HAB formation and aims to develop tools and methodologies for early detection and management.
Drones equipped with multispectral imaging systems capture high-resolution spatial data that is then integrated with digital platforms to link remote-sensing with the drone data and on-the-water collected data. The field-based water quality measurements are being collected by a team of trained community volunteers who are using phycocyanin fluorometer meters to measure concentrations of the photosynthetic pigment phycocyanin, which is produced primarily by cyanobacteria. Volunteers enter the data into a customized ArcGIS mobile-friendly survey. These combined datasets will be used to develop and validate predictive algorithms for both planktonic and benthic HABs under varying seasonal and hydrologic conditions. Drone flights and data collection began in Fall 2025 and will continue through 2026, with a final report anticipated in 2027. Click here to read more about this initiative.
Ryan is a Staff Engineer who provides services in geotechnical engineering, CAD drafting, and drone imagery. He supports a wide range of projects, contributing to foundation design, embankment stability and settlement modeling, report preparation, and laboratory soil testing.
Ryan earned his Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering from Rowan University in 2022 and joined Princeton Hydro in April 2023. His interest in engineering began in high school through participation in a STEM club, where he developed a passion for creative problem-solving and infrastructure design.
His introduction to drone operation came early in his career when he was given the opportunity to become licensed. After earning his FAA Part 107 certification in June 2022, he began integrating drone technology into engineering and environmental applications. Today, Ryan uses drones to support aerial imagery, project documentation, and marketing efforts, adding an important visual dimension to Princeton Hydro’s work. He continues to stay current with evolving technologies and applications by following industry developments and engaging with professional networks.
We hope you enjoyed this latest edition of our "Day in the Life" blog series. Click here to read the previous edition, which follows Casey Pantaleo, PE, a licensed Professional Engineer and Senior Project Manager on the Engineering Services team, as he performs one of his highly specialized roles: dam inspection. And, stay tuned for more behind-the-scenes stories from our talented team!
Wissahickon Valley Park is one of Philadelphia’s most treasured natural resources, welcoming more than two million visitors each year. Over time, flooding, erosion, and stormwater runoff have taken an increasing toll on the park, threatening water quality, trail safety, and recreational access.
To help protect and sustain this vital landscape and community resource, Friends of the Wissahickon (FOW), in partnership with Princeton Hydro, is conducting a comprehensive resiliency and flood study along Forbidden Drive and its seven adjacent access trails. One of the most important voices in this process is yours. A public survey is now open through June 6 to gather input on flooding, erosion, and trail conditions in these targeted areas. Your feedback will play a key role in shaping the study’s priorities and recommendations.
The new Streambank Resiliency and Flood Study builds upon the 2017 Forbidden Drive Drainage System Assessment and expands its focus to address ongoing challenges such as stormwater runoff, sediment discharge, streambank instability, and interior flooding along Forbidden Drive and its adjacent trails. As part of the study, Princeton Hydro is reassessing previously identified drainage features and conducting a comprehensive site evaluation to better understand how conditions have changed over time and where new problem areas have emerged.
At the first public meeting earlier this month, community members played an active role in shaping the direction of the study. The session began with an overview of the project’s purpose, scope, and methodology, including preliminary findings on areas most vulnerable to flooding, sediment discharge, and streambank instability. Attendees also had the opportunity to ask questions and engage directly with the project team, helping to build a shared understanding of the challenges facing the park.
Following the presentation, participants took part in an interactive mapping exercise designed to gather site-specific knowledge from those who know the park best. Working in small groups around large, printed maps of the study area, attendees identified flood-prone zones, areas of active erosion, and locations where trail conditions have declined over time along Forbidden Drive and its access points. Participants marked up the maps and shared observations, stories, and ideas for potential restoration opportunities, creating a collaborative and hands-on dialogue about the park’s needs.
This exercise generated valuable, location-specific insight that is already informing the study. Participants highlighted:
In addition to identifying problem areas, attendees also shared perspectives on what makes the park special and where restoration efforts could have the greatest impact. This type of feedback is critical to ensuring the study reflects real-world conditions and community priorities. To ensure the most comprehensive understanding of conditions in the targeted areas, the project team is looking to hear from an even broader range of park users.
While engineers and scientists are conducting in-depth field investigations and comprehensive technical analyses, they do not experience the park in the same way as those who use it regularly. The firsthand perspective of park visitors is invaluable for identifying problem areas and guiding solutions and priorities that truly reflect how the park is used and experienced.
Gloucester County’s Scotland Run Nature Preserve is a place where education, recreation, and ecological diversity come together. As the largest park in the county system, spanning more than 1,300 acres, Scotland Run offers visitors a chance to explore a wide range of habitats including woodlands, open fields, streams, and lakeside environments. Situated along the boundary of New Jersey’s Inner and Outer Coastal Plains, the park reflects features of both Piedmont and Pine Barrens landscapes, supporting a remarkable variety of wildlife.
At the center of the park is Wilson Lake, an 80-acre man-made lake created by a historic dam built for Fries Mill on Scotland Run. Today, the lake provides passive recreation opportunities such as fishing, canoeing, and nature observation. An ADA-accessible fishing pier near the boat launch ensures that these experiences are available to everyone. The park is also highly family friendly, with maintained walking trails, picnic areas, a playground, restrooms, and a Nature Center that serves as a hub for learning and discovery.
This winter, the Nature Center hosted Nature at Night, a popular exploration series that invites community members to engage with the natural world through hands-on presentations led by environmental professionals. Held on the 3rd Thursday of the month from January to April, topics throughout the series included mammals, fossils, insects, birds, reptiles, and amphibians, offering something for nature lovers of all interests.
Princeton Hydro Senior Wildlife Biologist Mike McGraw, CSE, QAWB, ACE led an engaging and energetic program focused on reptile and amphibian evolution, morphological adaptations, and the incredible diversity found right here in New Jersey. To bring these concepts to life, he introduced a mix of his personal pets and rescue animals, creating meaningful, up-close learning experiences with the audience members.
The turnout was outstanding, with a packed room of participants ranging in age from 4 to 74. Guests were curious and enthusiastic, asking thoughtful questions and sharing their own stories, which helped create an inclusive and lively learning environment. It was clear that hands-on outreach like this sparks curiosity and builds lasting connections to local ecosystems.
This year marked Mike’s fifth consecutive year leading a Nature at Night session at Scotland Run, a milestone that only begins to reflect his commitment to environmental education. Mike is deeply involved in a wide range of educational and outreach programs, sharing his passion and expertise with audiences of all ages. His enthusiasm is contagious, his knowledge runs deep, and his ability to connect people to the natural world makes every program memorable. Educators like Mike play a vital role in inspiring curiosity, fostering stewardship, and strengthening human connection to the natural world. Click here to learn more about Mike.
Experiences like these are especially important for young people, helping them build curiosity, confidence, and a lasting appreciation for the landscapes around them. That same approach carries through other interactive, place-based learning efforts at Princeton Hydro, including recent work with local students that explores how science, community, and the built and natural environment intersect.
Scotland Run Nature Preserve provides a welcoming space for learning and discovery, where thoughtful programs help spark interest in the natural world for visitors of all ages. To learn more about their Nature at Night series and other outdoor education opportunities, click here.
Summer is on the horizon, and with it comes a season full of opportunities to get outside, connect with the community, and celebrate the places and causes that matter most. From educational gatherings and technical workshops to family-friendly festivals, this year's Summer Events Spotlight offers something for everyone. Read on for event details and registration links.
Pinelands Alliance will host its 4th Annual Pinelands Science Forum from 8:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. on Wednesday, June 3, in their newly renovated, historic dairy barn. This year’s theme, “Water: The Lifeblood of the Pines,” will explore the hydrology of South Jersey, future climate impact projections, and the rich aquatic biodiversity supported by these systems, with a special focus on the Kirkwood‑Cohansey Aquifer. This abundant and distinctive aquifer supplies fresh drinking water to hundreds of thousands of New Jersey residents and supports the globally unique habitats of the Pine Barrens. Princeton Hydro is proud to sponsor this event and participate in this important conversation.
The Mass Rivers Alliance, in partnership with the Massachusetts Division of Ecological Restoration and the Charles River Watershed Association, created Dam Busters to equip dam removal stakeholders with the knowledge and tools needed to successfully advance and implement removal projects. The program offers a range of learning opportunities, including webinars, resource materials, site visits, in-person workshops and conferences, and a new technical assistance program.
The free, publicly accessible webinar series features engaging expert presentations followed by interactive Q&A sessions that address participants’ most pressing questions. The June 3 webinar will feature Princeton Hydro President Geoffrey M. Goll, PE, who will present on sediment management in dam removal.Geoffrey M. Goll is a nationally recognized expert in dam removal, with significant experience in New Jersey. He has contributed to more than 100 dam removal projects, specializing in ecological restoration and fish passage. His work includes leading projects on the Musconetcong River, where dam removals have helped restore migratory pathways and support the return of American shad. With expertise spanning water resources engineering, geotechnical engineering, and environmental management, Goll is a key leader in advancing effective and sustainable dam removal practices.
The Society of American Military Engineers (SAME) New Jersey and Philadelphia Posts, in partnership with Joint Base McGuire Dix Lakehurst (JBMDL), are hosting an in-person Industry Day on AI/Automation. The event will feature speakers from the U.S. Coast Guard, Small Business Administration, JBMDL Civil Engineering Office, and industry organizations, sharing practical insights, case studies, and forward-thinking strategies on integrating AI into A/E/C practices. Participants will also have the opportunity to network with federal government representatives and industry leaders. Princeton Hydro is sponsoring the event, and Director of Marketing and Communications Dana Patterson Grear will facilitate a panel discussion.
The NJ Climate Change Resource Center will host the 2026 NJ Climate Change Research Symposium at Rutgers University in Piscataway, NJ on June 10. This one-day event will highlight the latest research across natural and social science, economics, engineering, and policy, advancing climate change understanding, evaluation, and response in New Jersey while fostering a collaborative research community. Princeton Hydro Senior Technical Director of Ecological Services, Dr. Fred Lubnow, will lead a workshop on incorporating climate change and resilience into lake management planning.
The Native Plant Conference at Bowman's Hill Wildflower Preserve in New Hope, Pennsylvania, offers a full day of learning and inspiration in an idea setting: a 134-acre haven dedicated to native plants and biodiversity. Formerly known as the Land Ethics Symposium, the event brings together a diverse audience of landscape professionals, educators, students, homeowners, and sustainability advocates for expert-led sessions and a highly anticipated keynote. Attendees will gain practical and innovative insights on creating ecologically sound, economically viable landscapes using native plants and sustainable practices. Princeton Hydro is proud to sponsor this year’s event and hope to see you there!
The 8th Annual Moorestown Paddle Board & Kayak Race and Family Festival takes place June 13 at Strawbridge Lake in Moorestown, NJ, offering a full day of fun on the water from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Hosted by the Strawbridge Lake Beautification Committee and sponsored in part by Princeton Hydro, this community-driven fundraiser supports ongoing lake improvements, including new kayak launches, a pollinator garden, and expanded recreational access. Participants can choose from 1-, 2-, and 4-mile race options, or take part in the crowd-favorite cardboard-and-duct-tape boat building challenge. Open to all ages and skill levels, the event combines friendly competition with family activities, all while raising funds that go directly toward enhancing and preserving Strawbridge Lake, a valued community resource.
Join the SAME New Jersey and New York City Posts for their annual Scholarship Golf Outing, a signature event dedicated to supporting the SAME scholarship program and helping students offset rising tuition costs. The outing will be held at Picatinny Golf Club in Dover, New Jersey. The day kicks off at 8:00 AM with breakfast, followed by a 10:00 AM shotgun start for 18 holes of golf. Attendees can wrap up the day with happy hour and a BBQ dinner. Princeton Hydro is proud to be part of this meaningful event: Chief Operating Officer Megan Hunter Ruf serves on the planning committee, and our team looks forward to attending. Please note: Registration is required by July 7. We hope to see you there!
Princeton Hydro is proud to support the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Baltimore District on the Atkisson Dam Removal project, an effort that prioritizes public safety, ecological restoration, and long-term watershed health in Harford County, Maryland.
The Atkisson Dam and Reservoir are located along Winters Run, a 14.6-mile-long river that eventually becomes Otter Point Creek, flowing into the Bush River and eventually the Chesapeake Bay. Constructed in 1942, the concrete gravity dam once served as an auxiliary freshwater supply for Edgewood Arsenal operations. By the 1970s, however, the structure was no longer needed for that purpose. The dam is approximately 468 feet long, rising 46 feet at the spillway and nearly 60 feet at the abutments. Its central feature is a 210-foot-wide, uncontrolled ogee-type spillway, flanked by structural elements along both banks.
Over time, the reservoir has become heavily silted following multiple storm events, and dense vegetation has encroached throughout the impounded area. Removal of the structure will eliminate potential long-term risks associated with dam failure while restoring the free flow of Winters Run, improving water quality and reconnecting habitat.
Recently, Princeton Hydro’s geotechnical engineering team completed the first of several field efforts to support dam removal design. This phase involved a complex setup: mounting an SPT drilling rig onto a barge and navigating down the river to reach sampling locations within the former reservoir. Working from both land and water, the team collected critical geotechnical and sediment data that will inform safe and effective restoration.
Geotechnical Engineer and Certified Construction Specifier Matthew Pappas led on-site coordination. Geotechnical Engineer Marissa Ciocco, PE, joined the team on the barge during drilling days, supporting field coordination and sample collection under challenging conditions.
Future efforts will include direct push sampling using a Marsh Master, along with hand auger investigations, followed by laboratory testing of collected samples. Together, these data will inform a design that addresses sediment management, site safety, and long-term stream stability following dam removal. As the Atkisson Dam Removal project moves forward, we look forward to sharing more updates from the field and highlighting the collaborative efforts that make meaningful restoration possible.
Conservation professionals, land stewards, and researchers from across New Jersey gathered for the New Jersey Invasive Species Strike Team Conference, the most comprehensive statewide forum dedicated to invasive species management. The conference was presented by Friends of Hopewell Valley Open Space (FoHVOS), an accredited nonprofit land trust committed to land protection, resource conservation, and community engagement.
The conference was held at the Boathouse at Mercer Lake, which provided an ideal backdrop for a day focused on protecting New Jersey’s natural landscapes. The conference, which Princeton Hydro was proud to sponsor, included exhibitor tables, networking opportunities, and a variety of presentations. The day kicked off with welcome remarks from Jenn Rogers, Executive Director of FoHVOS, and representatives from Mercer County Parks. Educational sessions throughout the day explored the dynamic and evolving challenges facing New Jersey’s ecosystems, cutting-edge academic research, and practical, field-based solutions for mitigating invasive species:
Native to the Yangtze and Amur River basins in China, the silty pond mussel (Sinanodonta woodiana) is a highly invasive freshwater species that has spread worldwide, often without detection. Its life cycle makes early identification especially difficult: microscopic larvae, known as glochidia, attach to the gills of host fish, allowing the mussel to move unnoticed through connected waterways and establish new populations far from their point of origin.
This stealthy mode of transport is believed to be how the silty pond mussel arrived in the United States. The species was first documented in 2010, when it was discovered in New Jersey Conservation Foundation’s Wickecheoke Creek Preserve, which previously operated as a fish farm and is now protected land. Although the mussel had likely been present for several years, its absence from North American records meant it went undetected until genetic confirmation was completed. Investigations identified invasive bighead carp imported for aquaculture as the most likely pathway of introduction.
The discovery raised immediate concern because of the preserve’s ecological significance. Located in Hunterdon County, the Preserve supports nearly 400 native plant species and 14 miles of high‑quality streams. It sits at the headwaters of Wickecheoke Creek, a tributary of the Delaware River that connects to the Delaware and Raritan Canal, part of a drinking water system serving approximately one million New Jersey residents.
Once established, silty pond mussels can overwhelm aquatic ecosystems. During the presentation, Scott Churm and Dr. Emile DeVito explained that invasive mussels may account for over 75% of total benthic biomass in affected waterbodies. Such dominance can disrupt food webs by outcompeting native mussels; harm fish when larvae attach to their gills, sometimes triggering fatal biological responses; reduce biodiversity; and alter water chemistry, ultimately degrading habitat quality for both plants and animals.
Following the initial discovery of the silty pond mussel, testing conducted by the New Jersey Invasive Species Strike Team, the New Jersey Endangered and Nongame Species Program, and the North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences confirmed the presence of this invasive species. With confirmation in hand, early eradication efforts began, centered on careful detection and sustained monitoring to better understand the scope of the infestation.
To assess the extent of the mussel’s presence, response teams combined traditional field surveys with advanced scientific techniques. This integrated approach included SCUBA and snorkel surveys, physical sampling of mussels and stream substrates, and environmental DNA (eDNA) testing, which detects trace genetic material released by organisms into the water and allows scientists to identify species that may not yet be visible during field inspections.
Together, these methods made it possible to find both established populations and early-stage infestations. In 2021, researchers applied highly sensitive genetic markers developed by Rutgers University to determine whether the silty pond mussel had escaped the former aquaculture ponds and spread into surrounding waterways. Initial eDNA sampling focused on Wickecheoke Creek Preserve, where testing provided a clearer picture of the species’ distribution and helped validate findings from visual surveys.
Monitoring efforts later expanded beyond the preserve. In 2021 and 2022, water samples collected from the Raritan River at the confluence of the Millstone and Raritan Rivers produced positive eDNA detections for silty pond mussel. These results pointed to the potential presence of a population within the Raritan River Watershed and highlighted the need for a rapid, coordinated response to prevent further spread.
Together, these methods made it possible to identify both established populations and early-stage infestations. Initial eDNA sampling focused on the preserve, where testing provided a clearer picture of the species’ distribution and helped confirm results from visual surveys. Based on those findings, monitoring efforts expanded to connected waterways where the researchers applied highly sensitive genetic markers developed by Rutgers University to determine whether the silty pond mussel had escaped the former aquaculture ponds and spread beyond Wickecheoke Creek Preserve. In 2021 and 2022, water samples collected from the Raritan River at the confluence of the Millstone and Raritan Rivers yielded positive eDNA detections for silty pond mussel. These results indicated the possible presence of a population within the Raritan River watershed and reinforced the need for a rapid, coordinated response to limit further spread.
Eradication efforts at Wickecheoke Creek Preserve began with extensive planning and regulatory review to ensure treatments would be both effective and protective of surrounding ecosystems. Before field work could proceed, the project team secured all required state permits, verified pond depth and water volume to calculate precise treatment dosages, posted public notices and signage throughout the site, and established protocols for daily safety briefings and site inspections. This preparation ensured the project was conducted safely, transparently, and in full compliance with permit requirements.
Following this approval phase, Princeton Hydro’s licensed applicators, working closely with SePRO and project partners, implemented a targeted treatment using Natrix®, an EPA-registered chelated copper pesticide formulated specifically for invasive mollusk control. Treatments were designed to maintain copper concentrations at 1 part per million for a minimum of 96 hours. To ensure consistent and accurate dosing, water samples were collected and analyzed twice daily at an onsite laboratory throughout the treatment period.
This work is part of an adaptive, science-driven eradication strategy that depends on clear roles and close collaboration among partners. The approach is both preventative and responsive, allowing the team to adjust tactics based on monitoring results and site conditions. The project is supported by funding from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Delaware River Greenway Partnership through the Lower Delaware Wild and Scenic Program.
Looking ahead, the work at Wickecheoke Creek Preserve reflects the themes emphasized by Scott and Emile during their presentation: the importance of early detection, scientific innovation, and coordinated response in addressing invasive species. Continued collaboration among scientists, agencies, conservation organizations, and local communities strengthens the ability to respond quickly and adaptively, while education and public awareness support long-term prevention. Together, these efforts contribute to the protection of native species and freshwater systems and support the ongoing stewardship of our natural spaces.
From tidal estuaries and back bays to nearshore marine waters, New Jersey’s coastal environments support fisheries, recreation, wildlife, and local economies. Increasingly, however, these valuable ecosystems are vulnerable to a wide range of harmful algal blooms (HABs). While algae are a natural and essential part of aquatic ecosystems, certain environmental conditions can cause some species to grow excessively, leading to ecological damage, public health risks, and economic losses.
Understanding what HABs are, what drives them, and how nature‑based restoration strategies can prevent or mitigate blooms is essential to supporting the long‑term resilience of New Jersey’s coastal environments.
The term "algae" is ecological rather than taxonomic and encompasses a diverse group of organisms, including eukaryotic algae, such as diatoms and dinoflagellates, and prokaryotic cyanobacteria, commonly referred to as blue‑green algae. Algae are not inherently harmful. In fact, they provide critical ecosystem services, including:
Phytoplankton are microscopic, free‑floating algae found in freshwater, estuarine, and marine environments. Scientists estimate there are 20,000 to more than 100,000 phytoplankton species, but only a small fraction—roughly 100 to 300 species—are capable of forming toxin‑producing harmful algal blooms. Problems arise when these species proliferate rapidly under favorable conditions. These blooms can become harmful when they produce toxins, deplete oxygen, shade submerged vegetation, or otherwise disrupt ecosystem function.
While most harmful algal blooms are caused by phytoplankton, large, fast‑growing macroalgae can also create serious environmental and economic challenges when conditions allow them to proliferate. A well‑known example is Sargassum, a floating seaweed that can form extensive mats across the ocean surface. During periods of rapid growth, these mats can block sunlight from reaching coral reefs and other sensitive habitats. When Sargassum washes ashore in large quantities, it can deter tourism and recreation. As the algae decomposes, it releases hydrogen sulfide gas, producing strong odors that make nearby coastal areas unpleasant to visit. While Sargassum blooms occur most summers along the coast of south Florida, the severity and extent of these events vary considerably from year to year.
HABs can form in freshwater systems, brackish estuaries, and coastal marine waters, and they are particularly dangerous with myriad when they produce toxins that affect humans, pets, livestock, fish, shellfish, and wildlife.
Below is a closer look at the dominant types of marine HABs in the region, the organisms responsible, and the environmental conditions that influence their development.
Brown tides are associated with several diatom genera, such as:
These blooms are influenced by a combination of physical, chemical, and climatic factors, including:
Ulva, commonly known as sea lettuce, is a green macroalga that can form extensive blooms in shallow, nutrient‑rich estuaries. Another common bloomer, Enteromorpha, is now considered genetically equivalent to Ulva. Although Ulva blooms are non‑toxic, they can still cause serious ecological and social impacts:
Cyanotoxins should not be confused with taste‑and‑odor (T&O) compounds. Cyanotoxins are colorless, tasteless, and odorless whereas T&O compounds, such as geosmin and MIB, cause earthy or musty smells. Cyanobacteria can produce T&O compounds without toxins as well as toxins without noticeable odors.
This distinction can complicate detection and public perception of risk.
These HABs, the region's most common, illustrate the wide range of organisms, toxins, and ecological pathways through which algal blooms can affect coastal systems. Although they differ in form, from microscopic phytoplankton to expansive mats of macroalgae, they are often driven by a common set of environmental conditions that favor rapid growth and persistence. Climate change is intensifying many of these drivers. Rising water temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and longer periods of stratification increasingly create conditions that favor bloom formation. At the same time, human activities continue to increase excess nutrients to coastal waters. Runoff from agricultural lands, chemicals transported by rainfall and irrigation, and discharges from wastewater treatment facilities all introduce nitrogen and phosphorus into rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These nutrients act as fertilizer for algae, accelerating bloom development.
Nutrient‑laden stormwater runoff does not remain localized, rather, it moves downstream through interconnected watersheds, ultimately reaching estuaries and coastal waters where it can contribute to marine blooms. Understanding these linkages between land use, climate, and algae growth is critical to identifying effective strategies for preventing and managing HABs in coastal environments.
This Earth Day, students from Foundation Academy Collegiate in Trenton, NJ took their learning beyond the classroom through an immersive placemaking workshop hosted by Princeton Hydro. Designed as a real‑world, community‑based challenge, the experience invited students to reimagine a section of Trenton currently under study as part of the proposed Route 29 relocation project, which aims to reconnect the community to the Delaware River.
The goal was simple but powerful: give students a firsthand look at how planning, engineering, and community engagement shape the places they live, and let them experience those processes in action.
To start the workshop, students explored the basics of land use, Trenton’s development history, and the many steps that go into shaping an engineering project. They learned how planning, engineering design, permitting, construction, funding, and community engagement all work together to influence what gets built and why. With support from the "experts," they analyzed printed maps and photos of the selected site, identifying existing conditions and imagining what could be improved.
Once the activity began, the room quickly transformed into a bustling design studio. Each group received a large map of the site and a spread of crafting materials like blocks, clay, paper, and markers. From there, they built their vision for a future Trenton.
Some groups focused on green space and walkability. Others imagined mixed‑use corridors, safer crossings, or new community gathering areas. A few even experimented with stormwater‑friendly designs, weaving in concepts they had learned earlier in the session.
Throughout the activity, the "experts" from Princeton Hydro including an Engineer, Environmental Scientist, Grant Writer, Communications Specialist, Landscape Architect, and Wildlife Biologist, moved between tables, answering questions, offering technical insight, and encouraging students to think about how different stakeholders might view the same space. Residents, businesses, commuters, environmental groups, and city officials all bring different priorities to the table, and the students quickly discovered how complex those perspectives can be. The students were challenged with questions like "How are you going to fund this project?" "What's your engagement strategy to sell this to your peers?" and "How are you going to manage potential flooding from the river or stormwater in the park?"
Becky Taylor, a longtime Trenton advocate, co‑chair of the Cadwalader Park Alliance, and leader of Trenton Walks! also joined the teaching team for the day. Her work supporting Cadwalader Park’s restoration and experience leading dozens of walks throughout the City has connected her deeply with residents across the city. She is a strategic public affairs executive and small business owner, so as she engaged with students, she encouraged them to think about how public spaces carry history, identity, and community memory, and how thoughtful design can help strengthen those connections.
The students also learned something planners and engineers know well: There is rarely a single right answer. Every design choice involves tradeoffs, and every community space should reflect the values of the people who help shape it.
After building their models, each group presented their development plan to the room as if they were selling their vision to their local community in a public meeting. They explained their design choices, highlighted community needs, and described how their ideas could improve quality of life for residents.
The presentations were thoughtful, creative, and deeply rooted in the students’ lived experience. Many spoke about wanting safer streets, more places to gather, and greener, more welcoming public spaces. Others emphasized the importance of honoring Trenton’s history while planning for its future. They designed features such as a flower garden, a pier for fishing, a stormwater park, wildlife habitat, sports fields, and a kid's playground. One group proposed to elevate the new Route 29 so that the community could walk directly from downtown to their new riverfront park without safety issues of crossing a road. Another group deemed the waterfront development "Trenton 2.0" with trees lining the riverfront, renewable wind energy, and raised housing.
For our team, this workshop reinforced what we already know to be true: youth engagement in STEAM education matters. Young people notice how a place feels to move through, where it feels safe or unsafe, and what kinds of spaces are missing in their daily lives. When given the tools, they articulate those needs with confidence. They also tend to think collaboratively, naturally considering community needs alongside their own.
By learning how land use works and seeing the steps behind planning and development, students begin to understand how decisions are made and how those decisions affect the character of their neighborhoods. Most importantly, they start to see themselves as active participants in shaping their city rather than passive observers. Their insights help ground planning conversations in lived experience, and their voices strengthen the long‑term vision for any community project.
We are grateful to Foundation Academies for spending Earth Day with us and for bringing their energy and insight to this design challenge. As the Route 29 relocation/waterfront study continues, we remain committed to creating opportunities for meaningful participation, especially from young people who will inherit the outcomes of today’s planning decisions.
Earth Day is more than a date on the calendar! It’s a gentle nudge to reconnect with the natural world around us, and a reminder that everyday actions can shape a more sustainable future. Whether you’re tending a garden, removing invasive plants, or picking up litter while out on a walk, these small steps add up to a healthier, more resilient planet. This year, our team found a few fun and meaningful ways to mark the occasion, and we hope this inspires you to get outside and get growing, too.
Spring is the perfect season to take action in your yard or community green space. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or just starting out, here are a few tips from our team to help your garden thrive:
Looking for more tips? Princeton Hydro landscape architects Jamie Feinstein, RLA and Cory Speroff, PLA, ASLA, CBLP shared their top spring gardening tips in an "Ask Me Anything" Facebook live Q&A session, including:
To welcome spring and celebrate Earth Day, members of the Princeton Hydro team spent an afternoon outside tending the native garden bed at the Trenton headquarters. Located at the front of the building, the perennial planting area features climate-adapted, drought-resistant native species chosen for their ecological benefits and aesthetic appeal.
Although perennials return year after year, they still benefit from seasonal care. Tasks like weeding, pruning, and loosening the soil support strong root systems, encourage healthy growth, and help maintain a thriving, sustainable garden ecosystem. Recognizing the garden's significance and the value of collaboration, our team united to accommodate and nurture this year's growth.
Feeling inspired? Organizing a gardening day is a fun, low-cost way to give back to your environment and bring people together. Celebrate Earth Day 2025 by starting a garden, volunteering with a local environmental group, or organizing your own mini planting day with friends, family or coworkers.
Rain gardens are a beautiful, low-maintenance green infrastructure solution for managing stormwater, reducing erosion, and improving water quality by filtering pollutants before they reach local waterways. They also provide valuable habitat for pollinators and other beneficial wildlife.
Princeton Hydro President Geoffrey M. Goll, P.E. led a free public workshop on how to build a rain garden of your own. Hosted in Yardley, PA by the Lower Makefield Township Environmental Advisory Council as part of their Environmental Lecture Series, the session offered practical, approachable guidance for managing stormwater at home.
Using photos from his own yard, Geoffrey walked attendees through how he designed and installed a rain garden to reduce runoff and eliminate pooling water. He shared ten easy-to-follow tips and answered questions on plant selection, drainage strategies, long-term maintenance, and when and why to amend soil before planting.
Want to learn more? Watch Geoffrey’s full presentation and get inspired to create your own eco-friendly solution to stormwater management:
The real spirit of Earth Day lies in our ongoing commitment to care for the natural world, not just once a year, but in everyday choices and community actions. As Geoffrey quoted in his rain garden presentation, "Small acts, when multiplied by millions of people, can transform the world." – Howard Zinn.
In developed watersheds, stormwater behavior is fundamentally altered by impervious surfaces and aging infrastructure, which can result in erosion, localized flooding, and nutrient pollution in surrounding waterways. These challenges rarely have simple or universal solutions, particularly in communities where natural systems, critical infrastructure, and public safety intersect within constrained landscapes.
How practitioners navigate these challenges and decide when to rely on green, gray, or hybrid stormwater solutions was the focus of a recent educational session at The Watershed Institute’s 9th Annual New Jersey Watershed Conference. The session, led by Princeton Hydro Water Resources Engineer Sean Walsh, PE and Landscape Architect Jamie Feinstein, RLA, alongside the Mayor of Lambertville (NJ) Andrew Nowick, explored how context‑driven design informs effective stormwater and erosion control strategies in developed environments.
Drawing from three real‑world case studies, the presenters examined how surrounding land use, physical constraints, risk tolerance, and stakeholder priorities shape decision‑making and why the most effective stormwater solutions are rarely one‑size‑fits‑all. This blog summarizes key lessons from that presentation, highlighting how site‑specific conditions ultimately determine whether green infrastructure, gray infrastructure, or a hybrid approach is the most appropriate tool for managing erosion, sediment, and flooding in settings shaped by competing land‑use and infrastructure demands.
Green infrastructure is designed to manage stormwater by mimicking natural hydrologic and geomorphic processes that are often altered or suppressed by development. Practices such as floodplain reconnection, step pools, riparian buffers, naturalized detention basins, and restored stream channels slow runoff, promote infiltration, and moderate sediment transport, while also improving water quality. When implemented at appropriate scales, these approaches can increase green space within built and urban environments, enhance habitat and biodiversity, and enrich the surrounding landscape by integrating stormwater management with ecological and recreational functions. However, the feasibility and performance of green infrastructure are highly dependent on site‑specific conditions, including available space, slope, and flow regimes, which are frequently constrained in urban environments.
Gray infrastructure, by contrast, is designed to prioritize conveyance, control, and predictability. Systems such as pipes, culverts, and engineered structures are well‑suited to managing high‑capacity flow rates, centralizing stormwater runoff, and conveying water safely through constrained environments. These approaches typically require smaller physical footprints than nature‑based alternatives and often involve lower long‑term maintenance demands. In developed settings, gray infrastructure can also provide critical structural support for roads, utilities, and other built infrastructure, offering a level of reliability and risk management that green infrastructure alone may not be able to achieve.
Determining the appropriate balance between green and gray infrastructure requires a clear understanding of site‑specific constraints, risks, and performance needs, an approach illustrated in the case studies that follow.
To explore how context drives design decisions, we recently examined three real‑world case studies, each involving active erosion, sediment transport, and downstream impacts, and each arriving at a different solution.
In Lambertville, New Jersey, stormwater runoff from Music Mountain, a steep, wooded hillside, was causing repeated flooding at the Fire Department below. What appeared at first to be a small drainage issue turned out to be a much larger challenge. During heavy rain events, uncontrolled runoff carved deep erosion gullies downslope, destabilizing trees and transporting sediment directly into city infrastructure. While green infrastructure options such as step pools were initially considered, feasibility limitations became evident. The steep slope, limited footprint, and extreme peak flows made a fully nature-based solution impractical and risky in this location.
Instead, the selected design centered on gray infrastructure, including a piped stormwater system aligned with the existing flow path to minimize disturbance, along with redesigned and expanded inlet and outlet controls to safely convey peak flows and better capture surface runoff. This approach stabilized the hillside, reduced downstream sediment transport, and eliminated flooding impacts at a critical municipal facility. Given the severe spatial constraints and elevated risk associated with the site, gray infrastructure represented the most responsible and effective solution.
At Holcombe Park, ongoing erosion and a disconnected floodplain were impairing stream function and contributing sediment and debris to downstream infrastructure. Unlike the Lambertville Fire Department site, where steep slopes, limited space, and public safety risks necessitated a primarily gray solution, Holcombe Park offered greater physical flexibility and a different risk profile. The site included more available space for in‑channel and floodplain interventions, while the contributing drainage system extended more than 1,000 feet beneath roadways before releasing flows downstream, adding jurisdictional and infrastructure considerations to the design process.
Given these conditions, the project team pursued a hybrid strategy that leveraged the strengths of both green and gray infrastructure. Green infrastructure measures, including floodplain reconnection, step pools, and naturalized channel features, were incorporated where space allowed to slow flows, reduce erosive forces, and restore ecological function. At the same time, existing gray infrastructure continued to convey stormwater through developed areas where open‑channel solutions were infeasible. By allowing floodwaters to spread out and attenuate within the park, the project reduces peak velocities and limits the transport of debris and sediment to downstream culverts and roadways. This case study illustrates how, when site conditions permit, integrating green and gray infrastructure can address erosion and water quality concerns while protecting downstream assets and enhancing recreational space, achieving outcomes that neither approach could deliver on its own.
The third case study shifts to a more open, rural setting on a residential and agricultural property in Pennsylvania, where channel incision and bank instability had become a growing safety and land‑use concern. Unlike the urban conditions present in the Lambertville Fire Department and Holcombe Park projects, this site offered sufficient space for stream and floodplain processes to function, making it well‑suited for a predominantly green infrastructure approach.
Initially, the landowner attempted to address the erosion by installing a large‑diameter pipe to rapidly convey water through the affected area. While this strategy appeared to resolve the immediate problem on site, it ultimately transferred impacts downstream. Concentrated discharges from the pipe destabilized channel banks, accelerated erosion, and created new problems beyond the property boundary, while also violating local waterway regulations. This outcome illustrated how applying gray infrastructure to a system experiencing watershed‑scale hydrologic change can unintentionally amplify downstream risks.
The final design focused on restoring natural stream function rather than accelerating conveyance. The project realigned the channel to an appropriate slope and sinuosity, reconnected the stream to its floodplain, incorporated step pools and stabilization features to dissipate energy, and added riparian plantings to strengthen bank stability and ecological resilience. Limited sections of pipe were retained only where necessary to accommodate crossings, ensuring compatibility with existing land uses without compromising system function.
With adequate space, funding, and regulatory drivers in place, natural green infrastructure proved to be the most effective and resilient solution for this site. By treating water as a resource rather than a waste product, the project reduced erosion and sediment transport, improved water quality, and restored stream and floodplain processes that benefit both the landscape and downstream communities. This case study also demonstrates that successful stormwater and erosion control requires solutions that respond to both local conditions and the larger watershed system.
Across all three projects, the lesson is clear: green or gray decisions must be driven by site context, not preference alone. Surrounding land use, physical constraints, risk tolerance, regulatory requirements, and stakeholder priorities all shape what “success” looks like.
Improperly sized or poorly applied infrastructure, whether it be green or gray, will fail. Effective stormwater management requires looking beyond the immediate problem and designing solutions that reflect the realities of the entire watershed system.
Princeton Hydro’s participation alongside Mayor Andrew Nowick in leading the educational session at the 2026 NJ Watershed Conference reflects a long‑standing partnership with the City of Lambertville and the City’s active role in applying context‑driven stormwater solutions in a constrained, developed watershed. Our team has supported Lambertville’s stormwater management initiatives for many years, working collaboratively with City leadership to design projects that mitigate flooding while enhancing the natural environment.
In September 2024, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Commissioner Shawn M. LaTourette presented the City of Lambertville with the NJDEP “Our Water’s Worth It” award. The award ceremony, held at a stormwater infrastructure improvement project site behind the Lambertville Fire Department, recognized the City’s commitment to improving stormwater management, addressing flooding, protecting local waterbodies, increasing storm resilience, and mitigating the impacts of climate change. Click here to learn more.
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