Welcome to the latest edition of our Client Spotlight blog series, which provides an inside look at our collaboration, teamwork, and accomplishments with one of our client partners.

In this special edition, we’re shining the spotlight on the Town of Mina and Findley Lake Watershed Foundation (FLWF), two organizations working closely together to protect and preserve Findley Lake in Chautauqua County, New York. This charming 300-acre lake is a cherished focal point for recreation, tourism, and community pride, and safeguarding it is a shared responsibility. The Town of Mina and FLWF, a volunteer-led nonprofit, have built a strong partnership dedicated to maintaining the lake’s health and ensuring its long-term sustainability.

We spoke with Rebecca Brumagin, Town of Mina Supervisor, and Ed Mulkearn, Board President of the FLWF.

We kicked-off the conversation with a question for Rebecca:

Q: Rebecca, can you provide an overview of the Town of Mina and the core values the Town prioritizes?

A:

[embed]https://youtu.be/DkloMSAMoyE[/embed]

Rebecca continues: “As part of our 2024 Comprehensive Plan, the Town of Mina identified four core community values that guide our decision-making, with our top priority being Findley Lake!

The lake is the heart of our community. Ensuring it remains clean, beautiful, and accessible for recreation and overall enjoyment is essential to our identity. That’s why we work so closely with FLWF. During the comprehensive planning process, FLWF developed a Lake Management Plan, which now guides our environmental efforts.

Our second core value is economic development. Findley Lake is experiencing an exciting period of growth, with several initiatives underway, including a new warehouse distribution center, growing retail presence, and revitalization in the downtown area. It’s truly a renaissance moment for our community.

Third, we’re deeply committed to preserving and enhancing our community character. We value our rural lifestyle and are working to improve it with expanded trails, new boardwalks, and safer, more accessible green spaces for all to enjoy. And, our fourth core value centers on strengthening local government, becoming more efficient, effective, and responsive to the needs of our residents. We want people to feel heard, supported, and engaged in the future of our town.”

Q: Ed, can you tell us about the history of FLWF and how it evolved into the organization it is today?

A:

“FLWF was established in 2002, but our roots go back much further. Before that, our work was carried out by the Findley Lake Property Owners Association, which formed in the late 1940s after the lake was no longer needed as a power source for milling operations.

At that time, the lake and dam were donated by Larry Schwartz to a group of local, stewardship-minded residents. That group did the best they could with limited resources and knowledge. But as science, lake management practices, and environmental awareness progressed, so did our approach.

By transitioning to a 501(c)(3) nonprofit in 2002, we were able to access grant funding and expand our work significantly. Since then, we’ve purchased weed harvesters, partnered with Princeton Hydro for lake studies, and supported major infrastructure projects like the new sewer system currently in development to address septic-related pollution.

We’ve also taken steps to reduce streambank erosion and manage phosphorus loading that affects lake oxygen levels. Our board is strong and diverse—we have dedicated members with the expertise needed to keep moving the organization and the lake forward. At our core, FLWF is committed to maintaining, enhancing, and improving the quality of Findley Lake and its watershed through science-based action and collaboration.”

Q: Ed, what are the core values that guide FLWF, and which current projects highlight those values in action?

A:

[embed]https://youtu.be/l7ljPic09iE[/embed]

Q: Rebecca, what are some of the initiatives the Town of Mina is leading to support ecological uplift, water quality improvements, and environmental stewardship?

A:

[embed]https://youtu.be/hTb0GMQirgE[/embed]

Rebecca continues: “We’ve made significant strides in advancing the health of our local environment, thanks in part to support from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC). We’ve completed three DEC-funded studies that are guiding our next steps.

One study focused on culverts throughout the watershed with the goal of improving water flow and reducing flood risk. Every culvert was assessed to identify those that need repair or replacement. Another study analyzed stormwater runoff, identifying ten key inflow areas to Findley Lake where erosion and sedimentation pose potential threats. Each site was evaluated and prioritized, and we’ve since secured a DEC grant to address the highest-priority site. And, the third study explored in-lake nutrient control strategies, which laid the groundwork for our current partnership with Princeton Hydro on nutrient management efforts.

Beyond lake-focused work, we’re also committed to enhancing community access to nature. We’ve received support from Chautauqua County for efforts that will benefit both the environment and quality of life for residents and visitors alike.”

Q: Ed, reflecting on past collaborations, can you highlight a project or two that FLWF has worked on with Princeton Hydro?

A:

“We first partnered with Princeton Hydro a few years ago when our board recognized the need for expert guidance on lake management. While we have a strong, professional board, we lacked the specialized knowledge in lake ecology and water quality science to move forward confidently with major decisions.

After researching several firms, we chose to bring Princeton Hydro on board to help us better understand nutrient dynamics in the lake. One of our key concerns was the persistent late-summer algae blooms, which we later learned were linked to phosphorus being released from the lake’s sediments.

Princeton Hydro conducted an in-lake nutrient study that clearly explained this internal loading process and helped us chart a path forward. Building on that work, we’re now working with the Princeton Hydro team on a bathymetric and sediment analysis to guide our next step, which will be to install an aeration system to reduce phosphorus release and improve water quality.

Princeton Hydro’s expertise has been instrumental in making complex science understandable and actionable, which has helped us take meaningful steps toward restoring the health of Findley Lake.”

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Q: Rebecca, is there anything you'd like to add about the Town’s collaboration with Princeton Hydro?

A:

[embed]https://youtu.be/vtEIi23Ov98[/embed]

Following Rebecca’s remarks, Ed adds: “I’d just like to echo what Rebecca said—the Princeton Hydro team we worked with this Spring was truly a pleasure to collaborate with. Their depth of knowledge was impressive, but just as important was their ability to communicate complex concepts in a way that was clear and easy for our board to understand. That kind of approachability made a big difference. It was a great experience working with them.”

Q: Ed, for those interested in supporting FLWF’s mission, how can individuals get involved and contribute to your efforts?

A:

“We’re always grateful for donations, they fuel much of what we do. But beyond financial support, one of the most valuable ways people can contribute is by sharing their experiences and ideas.

There are countless lakes and watershed organizations out there facing similar challenges, and many have come up with innovative, cost-effective solutions. We’re always eager to learn from others; whether it's a new technology, a successful restoration approach, or a creative funding strategy. Collaboration and information-sharing are incredibly powerful tools in watershed management. If you’ve worked on a similar issue or simply have ideas that could help, we’d love to hear from you. The more we connect and learn from each other, the better we can protect and improve Findley Lake for generations to come.”

Following Ed’s comments, Rebecca adds: “One of the things that makes the Town of Mina so special is the strong culture of volunteerism. We’re fortunate to have many residents, often individuals who’ve had professional careers elsewhere, who bring their skills, energy, and passion to our community.

Even though we’re a small town, we benefit from a wide network of nonprofit organizations and local initiatives. For example, the Findley Lake Nature Center is actively working on trail development, and there are many other opportunities for people to get involved in stewardship, whether it’s helping maintain green spaces, supporting water quality efforts, or sharing expertise on local projects.

What’s especially unique about our community is how welcoming we are. Newcomers don’t have to wait decades to feel at home here—they’re embraced right away, and their ideas are valued. That openness has really enhanced our ability to protect Findley Lake and strengthen the town as a whole.”

To close out the conversation, we asked Rebecca and Ed if there was anything else they’d like to share.

In the video below, Ed reflects on the strong sense of community in the Town of Mina and the local support that fuels the ongoing efforts to protect and preserve Findley Lake:

[embed]https://youtu.be/nrsMt1WMODw[/embed]

After Ed’s remarks, Rebecca shares a few additional reflections: “One particularly meaningful designation we’ve received is from New York State, which has identified us as one of only two rural NORCs (Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities) out of 43 statewide. This designation recognizes our vibrant population of older adults and has allowed us to pursue new forms of support and services. We’re currently looking into developing a pocket neighborhood to help seniors remain in the community, where they continue to be active, involved, and deeply valued.

And here’s a fun fact that speaks to the energy of Findley Lake: it serves as the practice site for the women’s rowing team from Mercyhurst University, who happen to be the reigning national champions. Pretty cool, right?”

Yes, Rebecca, we think that’s very cool!

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Photo from Chautauqua County Visitors Bureau[/caption]

A heartfelt thank you to Rebecca and Ed for their partnership and for taking the time to speak with us to share their passion for protecting Findley Lake and strengthening the Town of Mina. Their leadership and collaboration exemplify the power of community-driven stewardship.

To learn more about their work and how you can get involved, we encourage you to visit the Town of Mina’s website and FLWF at findleylakewf.org.

Click here to read the previous edition of our Client Spotlight Series featuring Farmington River Watershed Association Executive Director Aimee Petras.

Ever wondered how scientists measure lake water clarity? One of the simplest and most enduring tools for the job is the Secchi disk.

Long before it became a formal scientific tool, sailors and scientists were already using simple methods to estimate water clarity, like lowering white objects into the water to gauge visibility and depth. In 1865, Italian astronomer Father Pietro Angelo Secchi built on these early techniques by developing a uniform white disk and standardized utilization method. His published findings helped establish the Secchi disk as a practical tool for water quality assessment.

The design was later improved by George C. Whipple, who added alternating black and white quadrants to enhance visibility. Today, this version of the Secchi disk remains a staple in the field kits of aquatic scientists and limnologists worldwide.

As part of our Field Notes blog series, which spotlights essential tools and techniques used by our team, Senior Aquatics Manager Christopher L. Mikolajczyk, CLM, demonstrates how to properly use a Secchi disk and explains how this simple method helps inform lake and pond management strategies. Watch now:

[embed]https://youtu.be/cj7YEctvqRQ[/embed]

As Chris explains in the video, water clarity is a key indicator of overall lake health, and monitoring it provides valuable insight into the condition and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Regular monitoring helps lake managers understand whether conditions are within a healthy range, identify potential indicators of future algal blooms, and make informed decisions to maintain ecological balance.

Interested in getting involved? With a few simple materials, you can build your own Secchi disk and participate in the Secchi Dip-In, a community science initiative where volunteers measure and report water clarity data. While the Dip-In is traditionally celebrated in July during Lakes Appreciation Month, data collection is welcomed and encouraged year-round.

Chris has dedicated over 25 years to advancing the science and practice of aquatic ecology and water resource management. His expertise spans the management, oversight, and coordination of projects in three key areas: aquatic resource restoration and management, aquatic ecosystem sampling and investigations, and stormwater quality modeling and management. Chris has an Associate's, Bachelor's, and Master's degree in Water and Watershed Resource Management. In addition to his work with Princeton Hydro, Chris currently serves as the President-Elect of the Colorado Lake and Reservoir Management Association’s 2025 Board of Directors and has also served as President of North American Lake Management Society. These leadership roles highlight his dedication to advancing aquatic resource conservation.

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Invasive species can quickly establish themselves in habitats ranging from freshwater wetlands and riparian corridors to stormwater basins and tidal marshes, disrupting ecological balance and biodiversity, altering hydrology, and displacing native species.

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Addressing these impacts requires a thoughtful, site-specific approach. Our team at Princeton Hydro works to design and implement targeted strategies that promote long-term ecological function. These integrated efforts aid in native habitat recovery, enhance water quality, and support compliance with regulatory frameworks.

Let’s take a closer look at how invasive species disrupt our ecosystems, why managing them is so important, and the cutting-edge tools and innovative techniques helping to eradicate invasives and restore balance to delicate ecosystems.

Understanding the Impacts of Invasive Species

Invasive species are organisms introduced outside their native range that proliferate in new environments, often to the detriment of local ecosystems and biodiversity. Although some introductions happen naturally, most are caused by human activity—through commercial shipping and transport, travel and outdoor recreation, or sometimes deliberate introduction. Once established, invasive species often outcompete native species by growing more aggressively, reproducing more rapidly, and exploiting resources more efficiently. These advantages are amplified by the absence of natural predators and environmental controls that would normally regulate their populations.

This can lead to a cascade of ecological consequences:

Competition for Resources: Invasives often outcompete native species for food, light, and habitat.
Direct Harm: Some invasives prey on or parasitize native species.
Disease Transmission: Non-native organisms can introduce new diseases or parasites to ecosystems.
Loss of Biodiversity: Invasives frequently crowd out or eliminate native species, resulting in monocultures—ecosystems dominated by a single species.

Take common reed (Phragmites australis), for example. This fast-growing plant has overtaken many wetlands, meadows, and shorelines, forming dense stands that outcompete native vegetation. These monocultures reduce food sources that native species rely on and block the movement of wildlife between critical habitats. According to the National Invasive Species Information Center (NISIC), Phragmites was most likely introduced during the 1800s in ballast material used on ships. It was initially established along the Atlantic coast and quickly spread across the continent.

Another example of an aggressive invasive species is Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum), a submerged perennial aquatic plant that grows in lakes and ponds. Native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, it was discovered in the eastern U.S. in the early 1900s, likely introduced and spread through the movement of watercraft. It establishes itself very quickly, grows rapidly, and spreads easily, forming dense mats at the water’s surface.

Why Control Matters: Ecological, Economic, and Regulatory Incentives

Left unmanaged, aggressive invasives like Phragmites and Eurasian watermilfoil can severely impact the stability of critical environmental systems. Effective control strategies help restore balance, preserve biodiversity, and safeguard the services ecosystems provide to humans and wildlife alike.

Control efforts are also driven by:

Ecological Benefits: Removing invasive species makes space for native vegetation to regenerate and flourish.
Economic Considerations: Invasives can harm agriculture, tourism, and recreation. Control measures help minimize these financial impacts.
Regulatory Compliance and State-Level Incentives: Wetland managers, landowners, and developers are increasingly required to control invasives to comply with state/federal environmental regulations aimed at tracking, managing, and reducing the spread of harmful invasives across ecosystems.
Land Use Goals: In restoration projects, removing invasives is often the first step in reestablishing natural hydrology, enhancing habitat, and increasing accessibility.

From early detection and rapid response to long-term monitoring and management, invasive species control requires collaboration, planning, and the right set of tools.

Invasive Species Control Methods

At Princeton Hydro, we use a multifaceted approach to invasive species control, employing mechanical, herbicidal, and biological strategies depending on the specific site conditions and project goals. One of our most effective tools is the Marsh Master® 2MX-KC-FH, a fully amphibious machine built to operate with minimal environmental disruption.

Equipped with hydraulic rotary cutting blades, a rear mounted roller/chopper attachment, and a front vegetation plow, the Marsh Master® cuts through dense vegetation like Phragmites, then chops and rolls the stalks, effectively preparing the soil for native seed germination or plug installation, making it ideal for nature preserves, canal banks, and restoration sites. Its light footprint (less than one pound per square inch) means it can traverse sensitive areas without damaging the soil or root layer.

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By using the Marsh Master®, we’re able to:

Control invasive and non-native vegetation efficiently and effectively
Minimize impact on ecosystems
Prepare sites for seeding and planting native species
Access hard-to-reach wetland, bog, marshland and other delicate habitats

Take a look at the Marsh Master® in the field, tackling Phragmites in tough terrain:

[embed]https://youtu.be/lMkkD-WFz3E[/embed]

When paired with herbicide treatments and long-term monitoring, this approach has proven very effective in eradicating invasives, restoring wetland biodiversity, improving water quality, and creating wildlife habitat. Each site is carefully analyzed and, when required for optimal non-native plant management, a site-specific USEPA and state-registered herbicide is chosen to control the target plants while preserving the desirable, native vegetation currently populating the site. Application techniques, which are also specific to each site, include machine broadcast spraying, backpack foliar spraying, hand-wiping, basal applications, herbicide injection lances, along with various other techniques.

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Case Studies: Invasive Species Mitigation in Action

GreenVest Baltimore: Phragmites Control & Tidal Marsh Restoration

In partnership with GreenVest and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Baltimore District, Princeton Hydro contributed to a tidal marsh restoration project along the Patapsco River in Baltimore, Maryland. This initiative is part of the broader “Reimagine Middle Branch” plan, a community-driven revitalization effort to restore natural habitat and improve public access along 11 miles of Patapsco River shoreline.

At the project site near Reed Bird Island, roughly five acres of marsh had been overtaken by dense stands of Phragmites. The goal was to restore hydrologic connections to the Patapsco River and convert the monoculture into a thriving mosaic of native marsh vegetation. Our team used the Marsh Master® to mow and manage the Phragmites, followed by mechanical grading and sediment redistribution to create high and low marsh zones. The restoration plan included planting 5+ acres with a combination of native species and incorporating habitat features like woody debris and unplanted cobblestone patches to facilitate fish passage.

This project demonstrates how targeted invasive species control can support large-scale ecosystem restoration, community-led initiatives, and watershed-wide environmental goals.

[embed]https://youtu.be/R3x7vb0EHKk[/embed]

Mercer County: Long-Term Invasive Species Management

Princeton Hydro has worked alongside New Jersey’s Mercer County Park Commission for over a decade to restore and protect some of the region’s most ecologically valuable landscapes. From comprehensive planning to boots-on-the-ground restoration, our efforts have focused on mitigating the spread of invasive species and promoting long-term ecological resilience.

John A. Roebling Memorial Park, part of the Abbott Marshlands, an ecologically rich freshwater tidal ecosystem that contains valuable habitat for many rare species, experienced a significant amount of loss and degradation, partially due to the introduction of Phragmites. In areas where Phragmites had overtaken native wetland communities, our team developed and executed an invasive species management plan tailored to the park’s unique hydrology and habitat types. Seasonal mowing in the winter and early spring with the Marsh Master® and targeted herbicide applications helped suppress invasive growth and enabled the rebound of native species, including Wild rice (Zizania aquatica), a culturally and ecologically significant plant.

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Building on that success, we contributed to the development and implementation of the Master Plan for the Miry Run Dam Site 21, a comprehensive roadmap for ecological restoration and public access. We are advancing that vision through mitigating invasive species (primarily Phragmites), leading lake dredging, and executing a variety of habitat uplift efforts. Click here to learn more about this award-winning restoration initiative.

In 2024, Mercer County retained Princeton Hydro under an on-call contract for invasive species management across its park system, enabling our team to respond rapidly to emerging threats and support the county’s ongoing commitment to long-term ecosystem health.

Lower Raritan Mitigation Site: Multi-Year, Multi-Faceted Wetland Restoration

At the Lower Raritan Mitigation Site in central New Jersey, Princeton Hydro has led a multi-year invasive species control effort as part of a larger wetland and stream restoration initiative. Dominated by reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) and Phragmites, the site had lost most (if not all) of its native biodiversity and ecological function.

Our team used a phased approach—mechanical mowing, herbicide treatment, and active planting of native species—to gradually suppress invasives and restore a healthy plant community. Monitoring data over several growing seasons has shown a significant decrease in invasive cover and a measurable increase in native diversity. Ongoing eradication of aggressive species and the promotion of native plant diversity are steadily guiding the site toward a resilient, self-sustaining ecosystem.

South Cape May Meadows Nature Preserve: Restoring Balance & Enhancing Access

Owned and managed by The Nature Conservancy in New Jersey, the South Cape May Meadows Preserve is a 200-acre freshwater wetland and coastal habitat in southern New Jersey that serves as a critical refuge for migratory birds and other native wildlife. The preserve attracts over 90,000 visitors each year and is internationally recognized as a prime birdwatching destination.

Princeton Hydro is collaborating with The Nature Conservancy on a multi-faceted effort to both improve public access and restore the site’s ecological integrity. In 2023 and 2024, our team initiated the mechanical removal of dense stands of Phragmites using the Marsh Master® to suppress monocultures and promote native plant regeneration. Future phases may include targeted herbicide treatments and additional mechanical work.

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In addition to the invasive species management component, this project collaboration has led to the construction of 2,675 feet of new elevated boardwalks, a 480-square-foot viewing platform, and enhancements to existing trails. Designing and installing these features across sensitive wetland terrain required a thoughtful, low-impact approach. The result is a more welcoming, species-rich, and resilient landscape that invites people into nature while actively protecting it.

Stormwater Basin Maintenance & MS4 Compliance: Managing Invasives & Non-Natives

Invasive vegetation doesn’t just affect wild landscapes, it also poses challenges for stormwater infrastructure. Many municipalities struggle with invasives overtaking stormwater basins, reducing their capacity and function, which can lead to violations of Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permits and municipality stormwater management regulatory requirements.

Princeton Hydro designs and implements comprehensive stormwater basin maintenance programs that include invasive species management. Removing Phragmites, broadleaf cattail (Typha latifolia), and other aggressive species from stormwater infrastructure helps to restore hydrologic flow and ensures the basins perform as designed. These maintenance programs also help maintain MS4 compliance, protect downstream water quality, and reduce flooding risks—while enhancing habitat value where possible.

Protecting the Future of Our Wetlands and Wildlife

The fight against invasive and aggressive non-native species is ongoing, and success requires a combination of science, strategy, and stewardship. Each effort implemented and every acre reclaimed is a step toward protecting the ecosystems we all depend on.

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Nestled in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, Harveys Lake spans 622 acres and is the largest natural lake by volume in the Commonwealth. Beyond its scenic beauty and popularity as a recreational destination, the lake plays a critical ecological role in the region.

Harveys Lake forms the headwaters of Harveys Creek, which flows into the Susquehanna River and ultimately the Chesapeake Bay. As such, it is part of the greater Susquehanna River Valley and contributes to the health of the Chesapeake Bay watershed. The lake and its outflow are designated High Quality – Cold-Water Fisheries, supporting sensitive aquatic life, providing vital cold-water habitat, and contributing to regional biodiversity.

Given its ecological significance and its connection to regional waterways, efforts to manage stormwater and reduce nutrient pollution in the Harveys Lake watershed are more than just local improvements, they are integral to protecting downstream water quality all the way to the Chesapeake Bay.

In 2022, building on decades of water quality initiatives, the Borough of Harveys Lake launched a forward-thinking pilot project to enhance stormwater treatment using innovative nutrient-filtering technologies. Supported by funding from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) Chesapeake Bay Small Watershed Grant Program and designed and implemented in partnership with Princeton Hydro, this project explores the use of biochar and EutroSORB® filtration media to capture dissolved nutrients, an important step toward improving water quality and meeting regulatory goals.

This blog explores the local history of water management at Harveys Lake, the science behind this novel pilot approach, and the broader implications for watershed protection across the region.

Historical Management of Harveys Lake

Once a remote, wooded landscape, the Harveys Lake area was settled in the early 19th century and gradually developed into a hub for timbering and milling. By the late 1800s, the lake was regularly stocked with game fish, and with the arrival of the railroad in 1887, it quickly became a popular summer destination. The shoreline soon featured hotels, restaurants, and even an amusement park.

As the community flourished, the lake's natural systems began to show signs of strain. Like many waterbodies across the country, Harveys Lake faced growing water quality challenges driven by stormwater runoff, nutrient pollution, and a lack of formal environmental protections. By the 1960s, declining water clarity and seasonal algal blooms began to impact recreation, contributing to the lake’s gradual transition from a bustling public getaway to a primarily residential community.

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Harveys Lake, Luzerne County, PA in February 2023 (photo by Jason Miller)[/caption]

A significant shift occurred following the passage of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Water Act of 1972. Harveys Lake established a municipal sewer authority, and construction began on a utility line around the lake's perimeter to reduce point-source pollution. Still, algae blooms persisted throughout the 1980s, fueled by nonpoint sources such as stormwater runoff, lawn fertilizers, and waterfowl droppings.

In 1994, a Phase I Diagnostic Feasibility Study was conducted that formally identified Harveys Lake as impaired due to recurring algal blooms linked to elevated nutrient levels. Following this study, a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) was established, and management efforts were initiated to meet long-term water quality goals.

Since 2003, the Harveys Lake watershed has undergone extensive stormwater management efforts, including the installation of numerous manufactured treatment devices (MTDs) to reduce pollutant loading. Most of these MTDs are nutrient separating baffle boxes (NSBBs), chosen due to the watershed’s steep slopes, dense residential development, and shallow bedrock. The first NSBB, pictured below, was installed at Hemlock Gardens:

In 2009, the Borough of Harvey’s Lake worked with Princeton Hydro to develop a Stormwater Implementation Plan that laid the foundation for future restoration efforts. Over the following years, the Borough of Harveys Lake, supported by state and regional grants, implemented 34 stormwater best management practices (BMPs) and installed four floating wetland islands throughout the watershed. Volunteers install native plants in one of the FWIs installed in Harveys Lake. Photo by: Mark Moran, The Citizen’s Voice.

These projects were strategically designed to reduce nutrient loading, enhance water quality, and move the lake closer to achieving its TMDL targets. Click here to read more about these efforts.

Innovative Solutions for Stormwater Nutrient Reduction

While NSBB stormwater BMPs are highly effective at capturing sediments and associated pollutants, they are limited in their ability to remove dissolved nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus. This is evident in the Harveys Lake Watershed, where NSBBs remove approximately 70% of total suspended solids (such as sediment and plant debris), 35% of total phosphorus, and 0% of total nitrogen. To address this gap and improve overall nutrient removal efficiency, the Borough of Harveys Lake received funding from the NFWF Chesapeake Bay Small Watershed Grant Program to augment existing MTD stormwater BMPs using new filter technologies.

Partnered with Princeton Hydro for design, implementation, and technical support, the Borough launched a unique pilot project involving the installation of biochar and EutroSORB® (manufactured by SePRO Corporation) to evaluate the effectiveness of these two innovative materials in removing dissolved phosphorus and total nitrogen from stormwater runoff before it reaches Harveys Lake.

Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from plant biomass, is valued for its high surface area and nutrient-adsorption capacity. EutroSORB® is a manufactured media specifically engineered to bind and retain dissolved phosphorus with demonstrated effectiveness in aquatic systems.

Filter socks filled with either biochar or EutroSORB® were installed at key stormwater outfalls and stream inlets that drain directly to the lake. At four NSBB sites, the socks were secured beneath manhole covers using a rope-and-carabiner system designed for easy, seasonal replacement. Each sock weighs approximately 50–60 pounds when saturated and was carefully positioned to avoid dislodgement or blockage of outlet pipes during high-flow events.

At the Hemlock Gardens site, which features a larger, multi-tray baffle box, twelve filter socks were installed across two horizontal trays to maximize contact time between stormwater and the filter media.

By integrating these innovative filter techniques into the existing BMP infrastructure, the Borough of Harveys Lake is taking a proactive, science-based approach to nutrient reduction and long-term water quality improvement.

Measuring Success: Sampling, Monitoring, & Key Findings

Princeton Hydro implemented a comprehensive water quality monitoring program in the Harveys Lake watershed to assess the real-world performance of the biochar and EutroSORB® filtration systems under varying hydrologic conditions, with a particular focus on dissolved nutrients that contribute to eutrophication.

Monitoring Set-Up

Six stormwater monitoring stations were established at locations where biochar or EutroSORB® were deployed within NSBBs or stream inlets. Each site included paired upstream (pre-treatment) and downstream (post-treatment) sampling points to capture the nutrient concentrations entering and exiting the filtration media.

Stormwater sampling was conducted during six separate rainfall events between March and April 2025. At each location, during storm flow conditions, discrete grab samples were collected via a portable polyethylene sampling pole and analyzed for key water quality parameters.

Data Analysis & Pollutant Load Modeling

Beyond concentration-based comparisons, Princeton Hydro used empirical monitoring data to model pollutant loads upgradient and downgradient of the filtration media. These load estimates provide insights into pollutant removal effectiveness on a mass basis, with a focus on:

Total Nitrogen (TN),
Total Phosphorus (TP),
Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus (SRP).

Emphasis was placed on SRP—the biologically available form of phosphorus most readily assimilated by algae and a key driver of harmful algal blooms and eutrophication. Because phosphorus is the target pollutant in Harveys Lake’s TMDL, SRP reduction serves as a critical indicator of the filtration media’s performance and its potential role in long-term water quality management strategies.

Key Findings

Overall, the study revealed variable but promising results across media types and installation locations:

SRP: Reductions were more pronounced in the EutroSORB® dataset, with 50-83% of NSBB samples and 67% of stream samples showing improvement. Biochar performed well in stream applications, achieving SRP reductions in 83% of samples, and moderately in NSBBs, with 33-67% showing positive results.
TN: Reductions were most evident in EutroSORB®-treated NSBBs, with 67-100% of samples showing a net decrease in concentrations.
TP: Removal was most effective in NSBBs utilizing EutroSORB®, where 67% of samples showed a net reduction, with values ranging from -14% to -70%. Biochar-treated NSBBs demonstrated more modest results, with 33-50% of samples showing TP reductions.

These early findings suggest that both EutroSORB® and biochar hold promise as cost-effective tools for reducing soluble phosphorus in stormwater runoff. Additionally, observed differences in removal efficiency, based on installation context (NSBB vs. stream), filter media volume, and site-specific hydrologic conditions, underscore the importance of continued monitoring and system refinement.

Engaging the Community & Enriching the Landscape

As part of the project’s commitment to long-term sustainability and public education, a native pollinator garden was established near the Harveys Lake Department of Public Works garage, adjacent to the Little League fields.

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After the final sampling in April 2025, the nutrient-saturated biochar and EutroSORB® socks were removed from the stormwater treatment systems. The spent biochar, having captured phosphorus and nitrogen from runoff, was repurposed as a soil amendment to enrich a 500-square-foot planting area. This repurposing effort served a dual purpose: demonstrating a closed-loop approach to managing excess nutrients while also creating a community-oriented space that supports local biodiversity.

The Harveys Lake Environmental Advisory Council volunteered to help plant the garden, installing 450 native plant plugs across nine species including Foxglove Beardtongue, Clustered Mountain Mint, Blue Wild Indigo, and Common Yarrow to attract pollinators such as butterflies, bees, and songbirds.

Designed by Princeton Hydro, the pollinator garden serves as both an ecological asset and an educational tool. Its prominent location next to the ballfields encourages community engagement, and an interpretive sign on-site helps visitors understand the garden’s purpose and its connection to local water quality initiatives. The sign features a QR code linking to an interactive ArcGIS StoryMap, developed by Princeton Hydro, which explores the broader context of the project. It draws connections between nutrient management efforts in Harveys Lake and similar challenges facing the entire Chesapeake Bay watershed, emphasizing how local actions contribute to regional water quality improvements. To support public outreach, the StoryMap was also shared on the Borough’s website, making this educational resource widely accessible to the community.

Click here to learn more about and explore the StoryMap.

It is important to note that while this project illustrates a successful example of biochar reuse, all reuse applications must be assessed on a case-by-case basis. For example, biochar exposed to hazardous pollutants is not suitable for soil use. In this case, the biochar had only been used to absorb excess nutrients, making it appropriate for the garden setting.

A Scalable, Shareable Solution

Supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the NFWF’s Chesapeake Bay Stewardship Fund, which promotes community-based conservation strategies to protect and restore Chesapeake Bay’s natural resources, this project was designed with scalability in mind. A core objective was to evaluate whether these filtration media could be more broadly implemented throughout the Chesapeake Bay watershed as a low-cost, community-integrated strategy for achieving water quality goals.

Through continued innovation and shared learning, small-scale efforts like this can drive large-scale impact, proving that effective water quality solutions don’t have to be costly or complex. The Harveys Lake model offers a replicable framework that communities across the region can adopt and adapt, empowering local action that contributes meaningfully to the restoration and resilience of Chesapeake Bay.

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The Borough of Harveys Lake, in partnership with Princeton Hydro, launched a new interactive ArcGIS StoryMap that chronicles the community’s long-standing commitment to water quality and showcases a recently completed pilot project aimed at reducing stormwater nutrient pollution.

This engaging digital resource combines maps, multimedia, charts, diagrams, and narrative storytelling to bring the science and history of Harveys Lake’s multi-year environmental restoration efforts to life. It explores both the local impact and the broader significance of these initiatives, drawing connections to similar water quality challenges throughout the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.

Designed with accessibility in mind, the StoryMap invites users to explore project sites, restoration progress, and technical details without the need for specialized GIS training or software. Interactive features, such as zoomable maps, clickable pins, and site-specific details, offer an intuitive, user-friendly experience.

More than just a visualization tool, the StoryMap serves as a community-education and engagement platform. It highlights how local stormwater management strategies, like those implemented at Harveys Lake, can drive positive, region-wide change, underscoring the vital role of place-based solutions in improving watershed health across the Chesapeake Bay region.

What You’ll Discover Inside the StoryMap

The StoryMap begins with an exploration of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed—one of the most ecologically and economically significant estuaries in the United States. This region faces complex environmental challenges, including nutrient pollution, habitat loss, and climate change impacts. Over the past several decades, a wide range of stakeholders have engaged in coordinated restoration efforts to protect and improve water quality across the watershed.

Using interactive maps, expandable sections, and rich visuals, this introductory portion of the StoryMap places Harveys Lake in a broader regional context. It sets the stage for understanding how local action, such as nutrient reduction at Harveys Lake, plays a critical role in supporting the health of the entire Chesapeake Bay ecosystem.

The next section, “Harveys Lake: A Case Study,” highlights the Borough's ongoing dedication to protecting the lake and improving water quality through science-based solutions and collaborative efforts. The StoryMap provides:

A pictorial, historical timeline of water quality management at Harveys Lake;
An interactive Restoration Progress Map with clickable project sites;
Notable milestones in reducing nutrient pollution and managing stormwater; and
Restoration project highlights, complete with historical maps, illustrations, and photos

The final section of the StoryMap dives into a 2025 pilot initiative that used biochar and EutroSORB® filter media to reduce dissolved phosphorus and total nitrogen from stormwater runoff. Organized into subsections—Project Information, Methodology, Results and Discussion, Pollinator Garden, and Future Implications—the StoryMap offers a detailed look at this innovative nutrient-reduction strategy and its potential for replication across the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

In addition to detailing the pilot project, this section also spotlights the creation of a native pollinator garden, planted using the spent biochar as fertilizer. This closed-loop approach not only reinforces the project’s long-term ecological value but also demonstrates how thoughtful design can deliver multiple environmental benefits while cultivating a vibrant community-oriented space that supports local biodiversity.

To extend the impact of this initiative, the StoryMap was provided to the Harveys Lake Borough Environmental Advisory Council (EAC) and is publicly accessible via the Borough’s website. A QR code linking to the StoryMap is also featured on the new pollinator garden sign at the project site, allowing visitors to engage with the digital experience in real time.

Click here to explore the StoryMap now!

By blending maps, visuals, and interactive storytelling, this StoryMap serves as both an educational tool and a digital archive of the latest Harveys Lake water quality project and its long history of stewardship. We invite you to explore this engaging platform and see firsthand how thoughtful, science-based restoration is shaping a healthier future for Harveys Lake, and the entire Chesapeake Bay watershed.

This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Assistance Agreement No. CB96358101) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation’s Chesapeake Bay Stewardship Fund, which supports community-based strategies to conserve and restore the Chesapeake Bay’s natural resources. Click here to learn more information about the grant program.

Click here to learn more about Harveys Lake or how to get involved in a Harveys Lake Borough Environmental Advisory Council stewardship program.

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Lake Hopatcong, New Jersey's largest freshwater lake, spans 2,600 acres and stretches over six miles, forming part of the border between Sussex and Morris counties in the state’s northern Highlands region. Just 40 miles from Manhattan, its proximity to the city, combined with its scenic beauty, recreational appeal, and rich biodiversity, has long made it a desirable destination for visitors, residents, and businesses alike. The lake’s waters and surrounding habitats support diverse wildlife, including aquatic plants, animals, birds, and other terrestrial species.

Increased residential and commercial development, along with the impacts of climate change, have placed growing pressures on the lake’s ecosystem. Managing these pressures is vital to preserving water quality and protecting the biodiversity of both the lake and its watershed.

The Lake Hopatcong Foundation (LHF) and Lake Hopatcong Commission (LHC) are dedicated to protecting the lake and balancing development with environmental stewardship. Through thoughtful planning, long-term sustainability initiatives, and strategic partnerships, they have worked to safeguard the lake’s ecological, economic, and recreational value.

Princeton Hydro, a long-standing partner in this effort, has been involved in restoring the lake and managing its watershed for over 30 years. Our work has focused on reducing pollutant loads, managing stormwater runoff, addressing invasive aquatic plants and nuisance algal blooms, and enhancing habitat quality. Together with LHF, LHC, and funding partners, we have implemented a variety of projects designed to protect the lake and the communities that rely on it.

As a key partner, the New Jersey Highlands Council (Highlands Council) has provided essential funding for many of these critical projects, ensuring they come to fruition. These efforts reflect the Council’s commitment to safeguarding Lake Hopatcong’s future while upholding the Highlands Act’s mission to protect natural resources and foster sustainable community growth. These collaborations are vital to the initiatives that preserve the lake’s water quality, restore habitats, and promote the long-term health of the region.

Showcasing Success at the New Jersey Highlands Council 20th Anniversary Event

In celebration of its 20th anniversary, the Highlands Council hosted a special event, which featured a “Lake Hopatcong Exhibit,” highlighting many of the successful projects that it funded. Representatives from LHC, LHF, Highlands Council, and Princeton Hydro, were on hand to discuss the significance of these projects and their contributions to the long-term health of the lake and surrounding communities.

The exhibit included a variety of interactive experiences, including informative posters and maps detailing project efforts. Participants were able to examine Lake Hopatcong water samples under microscopes with guidance from Dr. Fred S. Lubnow, Princeton Hydro Senior Technical Director of Ecological Services.

By highlighting both the challenges faced and the progress made, the exhibit offered attendees a deeper understanding of the lake’s critical role in the region’s environmental and economic sustainability as well as the ongoing efforts to maintain the lake's water quality and protect its ecological health.

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Lake Hopatcong Success Stories Funded by the New Jersey Highlands Council

Through funding from the Council, a variety of partners including LHF, LHC, Princeton Hydro, and local government agencies have been able to implement a myriad of projects. From stormwater management systems to watershed restoration efforts, these initiatives are designed to address issues like nutrient pollution, invasive species, and habitat degradation. These projects are helping to protect the lake’s water quality and ensure its healthy future:

Upper Musconetcong Watershed Implementation Plan (WIP): $109,000 to LHC

In 2021, the Upper Musconetcong River Watershed Restoration Plan was updated to a 9-element WIP. This revision re-evaluated existing conditions, integrated green infrastructure, and incorporated emerging technologies. The WIP has since facilitated funding for projects such as biochar installation, alum treatments to reduce phosphorus, and stormwater management improvements. 25% of the WIP ($27,250) was used as match toward a National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) grant ($485,650). This effort led to NJDEP 319 (h) Stormwater Grant for Biofiltration at Lakeside Fields ($239,000).

Restoration Plan for Memorial Beach and Park in the Borough of Mount Arlington: $60,000 to Borough of Mount Arlington

A restoration plan was developed for the watershed that directly flows to Memorial Beach through the park. A series of stormwater management measures were recommended and subsequent funding was secured. This effort led to community-funded project for the dredging of Memorial Pond ($277,000) and a slope stabilization with native plantings at Memorial Pond via a NJ Department of Environmental Protection 319(h) grant. $70,500 was also used as match for NFWF Glen Brook Project (Total Project - Glen, Muscy, Witten - $485,650)

Preliminary Feasibility Assessment & Data Collection for Beneficial Reuse of Sediment in Landing Channel: $47,650 to Roxbury Township

Erosion of Floating Island, which located in Lake Hopatcong’s Landing Channel, contributed to significant sediment accumulation. A preliminary feasibility study conducted by Princeton Hydro explored dredging and habitat restoration options. The proposed beneficial reuse/dredging project would rehabilitate the island and lead to reduced phosphorus in the lake, increased beneficial wetland habitat, and improved water quality. The next phase of the project includes engineering design, permitting, and implementation.

Feasibility Study Update for Sewering Jefferson Township Section of Lake Hopatcong Watershed: $100,000 to Jefferson Township

A 25+ year-old feasibility study was updated to lay the groundwork for the the installation of sanitary sewers along the lakefront area of Jefferson Township, which is currently using septic systems. This marked the first step in addressing one of largest sources of phosphorus entering Lake Hopatcong and a pivotal milestone in the ongoing efforts to safeguard water quality and mitigate the risk of harmful algal blooms (HABs) on Lake Hopatcong. These efforts led to a Community Funded Project from Congresswoman Sherill’s Office ($750,000).

Design of a Bank Stabilization and Planting Project along the Musconetcong River: $89,500 to Roxbury Township

A bank stabilization design and planting plan was completed for a popular fishing location along the Musconetcong River between Lakes Hopatcong and Musconetcong. The project, led by the LHC with technical assistance from Princeton Hydro, aims to reduce sediment and nutrient levels in Lake Musconetcong by improving the condition of a key section of the Musconetcong River. The Highlands Council grant to Roxbury Township provided the critical first step in this long-term, multifaceted project.

Oxygenation Feasibility Study: $80,300 to Morris County

Princeton Hydro completed a feasibility study for the design of an oxygenation system for Lake Hopatcong. It aimed to address the lake’s internal phosphorus load that contributes toward the nuisance HABs over the summer months. Since the widespread occurrence of HABs in 2019, the LHF and the LHC have been actively exploring solutions to reduce their frequency. Oxygenation systems help prevent stagnation of water, increasing circulation, disrupting thermal stratification which provides “through-column” mixing, and minimizes the occurrence of HABs. The results of this study will be used to move the project forward into the permitting and implementation phases.

Design of a Regenerative Stormwater Conveyance System for Witten Park: $54,000 to Borough of Hopatcong

A planting plan and regenerative stormwater conveyance system design was completed to aid in the mitigation of stormwater in Witten Park. A new system will help to manage and treat stormwater within the park, reducing erosion and sediment that flows into Lake Hopatcong. The system will also restore the floodplain, wetlands, and streams, and improve the ecological health of the area. The funding from the Council was also used by LHC as in-kind match for a NFWF grant award ($353,000) for the permitting & implementation phases.

Three Year Trout Habitat Study at Lake Hopatcong: $130,000 to Jefferson Township

One of the most significant recreational draws to Lake Hopatcong is its trout fishery, recognized regionally by anglers and established as an important component of the local economy. Data collected over the past 30 years at the lake was analyzed and showed increasing surface water temperatures, a trend that may suggest that the trout carryover habitat is being negatively impacted. The LHC, in cooperation with the LHF and the Knee-Deep Club, initiated a three-year trout tagging study. The study focused on the introduction of larger trout to assess the long-term population dynamics of those stocked fish and the general health of the fishery.

Revitalization of Two Stormwater Basins in Roxbury Township: $98,100 to Roxbury Township

Planning documents, a hydraulic & hydrologic analysis, and an engineering report were prepared for the construction of two stormwater basin retrofits. The stormwater basin retrofit project aims to minimize runoff and reduce pollutants flowing into Lake Hopatcong, thus protecting water quality. The reconstruction of the basins is critical in managing stormwater effectively, preventing erosion, and reducing nutrient loads that contribute to harmful algal blooms. By improving these basins, the project plays a key role in safeguarding the lake's ecosystem and ensuring the long-term health of its water resources.

Development of Plans for Catch Basins at Shore Hills Beach Club: $42,500 to Morris County

A field assessment, survey, and engineering design was completed for the installation of stormwater treatment devices at each of the outfall systems at the Shore Hills Beach Club property, which is located at the southern most tip of Lake Hopatcong. The primary goal of the project is to reduce phosphorus loads entering the lake, which can lead to nuisance weed growth, reduced water quality, and the proliferation of HABs. This funding from the Council enabled the project's next phase: construction.

As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of the New Jersey Highlands Council and its vital contributions to Lake Hopatcong, it’s clear that the future of this treasured resource relies on ongoing collaboration among stakeholders, local communities, and environmental organizations. By implementing innovative solutions and promoting sustainable practices, we can ensure that Lake Hopatcong continues to thrive as both an ecological haven and a recreational hub. This collective effort not only enhances the lake’s water quality and biodiversity but also strengthens the economic vitality of the surrounding communities, fostering a legacy of environmental stewardship for generations to come.

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Mercer County Park, spanning over 2,500 acres across the Townships of West Windsor, Hamilton, and Lawrence, is a treasured natural resource. Like many waterbodies throughout New Jersey, some of the lakes within Mercer County Park have been increasingly affected by harmful algal blooms (HABs) in recent years. In response to the growing frequency, duration, and severity of these blooms, the Mercer County Park Commission (MCPC) has intensified its efforts to enhance the overall health of its lakes.

To address these challenges, the County of Mercer tasked the MCPC with developing a comprehensive Lake and Watershed Management Plan. The ultimate goal is to ensure the health, stability, and sustainability of the park's aquatic ecosystems, thereby enhancing the recreational experience for park users. In this endeavor, the MCPC has partnered with Princeton Hydro to bridge gaps in the existing data and create a thorough management plan.

The plan documents the current conditions of waterbodies within the park, including Mercer Lake, which is the largest, and its surrounding watershed; identifies and prioritizes existing and potential water quality challenges; and provides targeted recommendations for treatment and restoration.

Princeton Hydro conducted a detailed analysis of the lakes' ecological health, including water quality monitoring, bathymetric mapping, and assessment of hydrologic and pollutant budgets. These comprehensive efforts have culminated in a robust management plan designed to protect and improve the lakes' ecological balance and recreational value.

Expanding the Initiative Across Mercer County

While Mercer Lake is a key focus, Princeton Hydro's commitment extends beyond this single waterbody. Recognizing the interconnected nature of the county's aquatic ecosystems, the team conducted similar analysis and developed Lake and Watershed Management Plans for three additional lakes in other parks within Mercer County.

These lakes are:

Curlis Lake in Curlis Lake Woods Park
Rosedale Lake in Rosedale Park
Spring Lake in John A. Roebling Memorial Park

Each of these lakes, like Mercer Lake, faces unique challenges related to maintaining water quality, protecting ecological balance, and mitigating HABs. By applying a comprehensive approach tailored to the specific conditions and needs of each lake, Princeton Hydro aims to enhance the overall health of these vital resources.

Let's dive into the details of Mercer Lake's plan!

Historical Data Review: Laying the Foundation for Informed Management

The first crucial step in developing Mercer County Park's comprehensive lake management plan involved a thorough review of historical data obtained from various sources, including the County, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). This review was essential for capitalizing on established water quality trends, identifying recurring problems, and evaluating the success of previous restoration efforts.

The historical data review spanned an impressive range of years from 1963 to 2016, though it did contain some significant gaps. Despite these gaps, the long-term data provided invaluable insights into the lake's ecological history. By integrating reliable data from past studies, the team could complement their field efforts with supplemental information.

Princeton Hydro examined data on Mercer Lake, a key focus of the management plan initiative, and on all streams within each watershed that feed into the lake. This included any available surface water data from the USGS, a standard approach in aquatic system studies. By analyzing these data, the team identified trends in water quality, highlighted persistent issues, and assessed the effectiveness of past restoration efforts.

This comprehensive historical data review set the stage for a robust watershed assessment, ensuring that the management plan would be informed by a solid foundation of past knowledge.

Bathymetric Survey: Mapping Mercer Lake's Depths and Sediments

A bathymetric survey is a scientific method used to map the depths and topography of waterbodies, providing detailed information about the underwater terrain and the distribution of sediments. This survey is crucial for understanding various aspects of a lake's ecosystem, including sediment thickness, water volume, and potential areas for dredging. The data gathered from a bathymetric survey helps in making informed decisions regarding the restoration and protection of lakes.

Princeton Hydro conducted the bathymetric survey using a calibrated sounding rod for shallow areas and a dual-frequency echo sounder with GPS for deeper regions. The sounding rod was employed in areas with water depths of 12 inches or less and where sediment composition hindered echo sounding. The echo sounder, a Knudsen Engineering model 1612, used high and low frequencies to distinguish the top and bottom of sediment layers. Data points were collected along predetermined transects spaced 150 feet apart, running from shoreline to shoreline in a north-south direction.

Once fieldwork was completed, the collected data was processed using Hypack Max software. This involved editing the raw sounder data to correct errors such as double reflections and interference from aquatic vegetation. The cleaned data was exported to ArcGIS for further analysis and mapping.

The results of the bathymetric survey revealed that Mercer Lake, a key focus of the lake management plan, covers a surface area of approximately 287 acres and is primarily an oval-shaped impoundment. The lake receives inflow from Assunpink Creek and its tributaries and discharges water westward, eventually reaching the Delaware River, Delaware Bay, and the Atlantic Ocean.

Mercer Lake was found to be relatively shallow, with a mean depth of 8.9 feet and a maximum depth of 18.5 feet. The total volume of water in the lake was estimated at around 2,560 acre-feet, or 834.2 million gallons. The survey also indicated significant sediment deposition in the eastern portion of the lake, with a total sediment volume of approximately 855,325 cubic yards. This pattern is likely due to the lake's role as a settling area for sediment carried by tributary inflows and stormwater discharges, which transport debris, leaf litter, and other materials into the lake.

Below is an image of the Bathymetric Survey that provides a detailed view of the sediment thickness contours measured in feet throughout Mercer Lake:

By establishing a detailed understanding of Mercer Lake's depth and sediment distribution, the bathymetric survey provides a robust foundation for the comprehensive lake management plan, informing long-term management decisions. The bathymetric data collected is also essential for evaluating the need for dredging, understanding aquatic plant colonization patterns, and predicting the lake's response to incoming nutrients, helping to guide restoration and protection efforts.

Hydrologic and Pollutant Loading Analysis: Understanding the Sources and Impacts of Pollution

Hydrologic and Pollutant Loading Analysis is crucial for identifying the sources and impacts of pollutants entering a waterbody. It involves delineating watersheds, assessing hydrologic data, and evaluating nutrient loads.

For Mercer Lake, Princeton Hydro conducted an extensive analysis using tools such as USGS StreamStats and Stroud Research Center’s Model My Watershed®. This study provided a detailed understanding of the water and pollutant dynamics within the Mercer Lake watershed. The map below offers an aerial view of the watershed, illustrating the various types of land cover present within the area:

Runoff varied considerably between different sub-watersheds due to factors like land cover types, land-use consumption, impervious surfaces, and topography. Variations in elevation change also determine the impact runoff has on soil erosion, with steeper slopes causing higher erosion rates, especially if little vegetation is present. The chart below shows the various types of soil coverage in areas throughout the Mercer Lake watershed:

Princeton Hydro also assessed other pollutant sources, including groundwater seepage, streambank erosion, and contributions from residential septic systems. Additionally, the impact of waterfowl, particularly Canada Goose, was evaluated using nutrient loading coefficients. The presence of these birds significantly contributes to phosphorus and nitrogen levels.

The hydrologic budget, representing the water balance of the lake, was calculated by considering inputs such as direct precipitation, overland runoff, tributary inflow, and groundwater seepage. This data is vital for conducting trophic state analyses and determining the feasibility of various in-lake restoration techniques. Internal loading of phosphorus, which occurs when anoxic conditions in the lake's bottom sediments release bound phosphorus into the water, was also analyzed.

Results of the analysis revealed that Mercer Lake, covering 287.1 acres, is influenced by a watershed area of 20,551.4 acres, predominantly consisting of cropland and forested areas. The lake's shallow nature coupled with significant sediment deposition in the eastern portion, underscores the importance of managing both external and internal nutrient loads.

Understanding the hydrologic and pollutant dynamics through this detailed analysis allows for the development of a lake management plan that helps to prioritize management efforts, target the primary sources of pollution, and effectively address HABs.

Water Quality Monitoring: Ensuring a Healthy Ecosystem

Monitoring water quality is essential for understanding the existing chemistry of a lake, identifying trends, pinpointing problems, and assessing nutrient levels. It provides critical data that informs management decisions and helps maintain the health and stability of aquatic ecosystems.

For Mercer Lake, Princeton Hydro conducted thorough water quality monitoring from 2021 to 2023. This involved analyzing in-situ, discrete, and plankton data collected over three growing seasons. The monitoring focused on various parameters, including hypolimnetic anoxia and associated phosphorus dynamics, which are key contributors to HABs. The data collected offered a current assessment of the lake’s trophic state and plankton community, providing a baseline to document shifts in water quality in response to future management measures.

The Princeton Hydro team performed 13 sampling events at two consistent stations in Mercer Lake: a deep water station near the dam (ML-1) and a mid-lake station (ML-2). Various parameters were monitored, including water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, specific conductivity, chlorophyll a, and phycocyanin, using an In-Situ AquaTROLL 500 meter.

Water samples were collected at both in-lake stations at the surface (0.5 meters) and near the bottom (0.5 meters above the sediment) using a Van Dorn water sampler. Samples were preserved appropriately and transported to the NJDEP-certified laboratory Environmental Compliance Monitoring (ECM) for analysis. The samples were analyzed for total phosphorus (TP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), nitrate-N, nitrite-N, ammonia-N, total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity. Surface samples were also analyzed for alkalinity, chloride, and hardness.

Additionally, samples were collected for zooplankton and phytoplankton analysis, including species composition, dominant organisms, and relative density. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) genera were quantified to estimate cell counts, providing an approximate concentration of cyanobacteria cells per milliliter of water. Samples were also analyzed for the cyanotoxin microcystins using the Abraxis field testing methodology.

The team also evaluated local climatic conditions during the 2021 - 2023 seasons compared to the long-term average. These conditions, including temperature and precipitation, can have significant effects on water quality. The combination of increased precipitation and an increase in temperatures sets the stage for HABs proliferation. The charts below the monthly mean temperatures and monthly precipitation from 2021 – 2023 and the 30-year average; ‘normal’ refers to the monthly average over the 30-year period from 1991 – 2020.

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The Water Quality Monitoring analysis revealed several key insights about Mercer Lake's water quality, and indicated that cropland runoff was the most significant source of phosphorus, a key driver of HABs. Hypolimnetic anoxia (the bottom layer of the lake becomes devoid of oxygen) was observed during all three field sampling seasons, contributing to internal phosphorus loading. The water quality monitoring also provided valuable information on the lake’s trophic state and plankton community.

Trophic State Modeling: Assessing Lake Productivity

Trophic State Modeling is a method used to assess the productivity of a lake by measuring the levels of nutrients, such as phosphorus, and the resulting biological activity. This assessment helps determine the lake's overall health and informs management strategies. The Trophic State Index (TSI) is a common tool used in this process, calculating index values based on phosphorus concentrations, chlorophyll a levels, and Secchi depths.

For MCPC, Princeton Hydro, utilizing data collected in the field and through lake and watershed modeling, estimated the nutrient status and biological activity of Mercer Lake. Here are a few examples of the models the team utilized:

The Carlson’s Trophic State Index (TSI): This index assesses the trophic state of lakes by calculating index values based on phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations and Secchi depths that relate to each other on a similar scale. The higher these numbers are, the more representative they are of eutrophic conditions. Carlson’s trophic state index (TSI) was calculated for each in-lake sampling event using surface concentrations of TP, Chlorophyll a, and Secchi depths collected during water quality monitoring events throughout the season.
Kirchner and Dillon’s Phosphorus Retention: This metric utilizes the incoming hydraulic load from the watershed, as well as the total area of the waterbody, to estimate what percentage of incoming phosphorus will stay within the waterbody rather than be flushed from the system, providing insights into the lake's capacity to hold nutrients and its likelihood of eutrophic conditions.
Vollenweider Predicted Phosphorus: this model estimates phosphorus concentrations in a lake by considering incoming total phosphorus, hydraulic load, mean depth, and hydraulic residence time. This model helps assess the lake's nutrient status and its suitability for recreational use.

By leveraging these sophisticated models, Princeton Hydro was able to gain a detailed understanding of Mercer Lake's nutrient dynamics and productivity. Many models were run twice: once for the watershed-based phosphorus load and once for the total combined load. This allowed for a comprehensive assessment of both external and internal nutrient contributions.

To mitigate pollutant loading issues, the Lake and Watershed Management plan outlines a series of Best Management Practices (BMPs) recommendations for implementation throughout the watershed, which include bioretention systems, wetland buffers, riparian buffers, and lakefront aquascaping. Such measures are designed to reduce nutrient loads, improve water quality, and enhance the overall ecological health of the lake and its watershed. By addressing the root causes of nutrient loading and implementing targeted management strategies, the MCPC is continuing their commitment to providing a sustainable and enjoyable recreational experience for park users while safeguarding the lake's ecological integrity.

Stay tuned for more updates as we continue to work with the MCPC on implementing the Mercer Lake and Watershed Management Plan, ensuring the watershed remains a vibrant and healthy resource for generations to come.

The Importance of Regional Watershed Planning

Regional watershed planning is crucial for maintaining the health and sustainability of interconnected waterbodies. By considering entire watersheds rather than individual lakes, we can develop more effective and comprehensive strategies to manage water quality, control pollution, and enhance ecological resilience. This holistic approach ensures that all elements within the watershed are addressed, leading to more long-lasting improvements.

Princeton Hydro’s efforts in developing and implementing management plans for Mercer Lake, Curlis Lake, Rosedale Lake, and Spring Lake demonstrate the power of coordinated, science-based planning. By leveraging detailed data and advanced modeling techniques, our team is able to create tailored solutions that meet the specific needs of each lake while contributing to the overall health of the region's aquatic ecosystems.

To read about another project we’re working on in Mercer County, check out our blog about Miry Run Dam Site 21. Through a blend of engineering and ecological enhancements, we are working with MCPC to revitalize 279 acres. With each phase, we edge closer to a vibrant, inclusive space that harmonizes nature and community.

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Did you know that New York State is home to a rich tapestry of natural waterbodies, including over 7,600 freshwater lakes, ponds, and reservoirs? Our team recently journeyed to Lake George, New York, to participate in the 41st annual conference of the New York State Federation of Lake Associations (NYSFOLA).

This year’s conference, themed “It Takes a Community to Protect a Watershed,” brought together environmental experts, lake management professionals, students, recreation enthusiasts, watershed advocates, and lake community members to advance the best available information and techniques for protecting and restoring New York’s watersheds. The two-day program featured a diverse exhibitor hall, networking events, a silent auction, a student poster session and a variety of presentations and workshops that combined science, policy, practical applications, and tangible resources.

Princeton Hydro, a proud sponsor of the conference, led two presentations during the “Climate Resilience and Your Lake" segment of the educational program:

Michael Hartshorne, Director of Aquatics, delivered an insightful presentation titled "Impacts of Climate Change on Lake Ecology," which delved into the significant role of climate change in shaping lake ecosystems. During the session, Michael highlighted key factors such as rising water temperatures, heightened frequency and severity of rainfall, depletion of dissolved oxygen, fluctuating patterns of algal blooms, and the migration of invasive species due to changing latitudinal conditions. His presentation underscored the necessity for evolving approaches to lake management in response to these profound ecological shifts.

[gallery link="none" size="medium" columns="2" ids="14984,14982"] Download the complete presentation now!

Dr. Fred Lubnow, Senior Technical Director of Ecological Services, presented "A Survey of the Ecology of Select Lakes and Ponds in Central Park, NYC," which provided an insightful overview of Princeton Hydro's water quality and ecological monitoring efforts conducted across lakes and ponds of Central Park from 2020 to 2023 for the Central Park Conservancy. These assessments revealed elevated nutrient levels driving planktonic algae, filamentous mat algae and in some cases high densities of aquatic plants, prompting the Central Park Conservancy and Princeton Hydro to collaborate on a tailored Management Plan. Fred’s presentation spotlighted the distinct ecological profiles of key sites, addressed the impact of cyanobacteria on both ecological dynamics and recreational usage, and provided practical management methods and techniques.

[gallery link="none" size="medium" columns="2" ids="14961,14983"] Download the complete presentation now!

Additional educational session topics included, Environmental Justice and New York Lakes, Community Leadership for Healthy Lakes in New York State, and iMap Invasive Species Workshop. Click here to view the complete agenda.

Founded in 1983, NYSFOLA is a not-for-profit coalition of lake associations, individuals, and corporate members dedicated to the protection and restoration of New York lakes. Princeton Hydro is the industry leader in lake restoration and watershed management. We have conducted diagnostic studies and have developed management and restoration plans for over 300+ lakes and watersheds throughout the country. Our long-standing partnership with NYSFOLA as a corporate member, annual conference sponsor, and active participant highlights our unwavering commitment to collaborative initiatives aimed at safeguarding our water resources. To learn more about our lake and natural resource management services and how we're contributing to a healthier environment, click here.

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Nestled within the New Jersey townships of Hamilton, Robbinsville, and West Windsor lies Miry Run Dam Site 21—an expansive 279-acre parcel with a rich history dating back to its acquisition by Mercer County in the late 1970s. Originally earmarked for flood mitigation and recreation, this hidden gem is on the cusp of a remarkable transformation, poised to unveil its true potential as a thriving public park.

Central to the revitalization efforts is a comprehensive Master Plan, meticulously crafted by Mercer County Park Commission in partnership with Simone Collins Landscape Architecture and Princeton Hydro. This visionary roadmap encompasses a spectrum of engineering and ecological uplift initiatives, including:

Several types of trails and boardwalks that total approximately 7 miles, including a tree canopy walk-through over an area of vernal pools;
A nature-based playground and an ADA inclusive playground;
Kayak launch and water trail;
Protected swimming area for a limited number of swimmers each day;
A native plant arboretum and horticultural garden;
Fishing access areas;
Parking lots, driveways, small restrooms and pavilions; and
A group camping area that would accommodate about 30-40 campers.

The Master Plan serves as a long-term vision for improvements to the property and will be implemented over multiple phases. In 2021, it was recognized with the Landscape Architectural Chapter Award from the New Jersey Chapter American Society of Landscape Architects, which underscores its innovative and impactful approach to landscape design.

Phase One is Underway

Now, Dam Site 21’s revitalization has begun with a crucial endeavor: the dredging of its 50-acre lake. This process, spearheaded by Mercer County Park Commission in collaboration with Princeton Hydro, aims to rejuvenate the water body by removing accumulated debris, sediment, and invasive vegetation—a vital step towards restoring its ecological balance. Beyond the aesthetic and ecological improvements, dredging enhances accessibility for recreational activities that provide an opportunity to create a deeper connection between the park’s visitors and its beautiful natural landscape.

Based on the bathymetric assessment, which the Princeton Hydro team completed as part of the Master Plan, the dredging efforts are focused on three primary areas: Area 1 is located in the main body of the lake just downstream of Line Road and will generate approximately 34,000 cubic yards of dredged material; Area 2, which has approximately 4,900 cubic yards of accumulated sediment is located in the northeast cove, just north of Area 1; and Area 3, the northwestern cove, entails the removal of approximately 7,300 cubic yards of accumulated sediment.

This video, taken on February 27, provides an aerial view of the project site and the dredging in progress: [embed]https://youtu.be/F7t39mD1Rq8?si=6pnAarnT2RomS0s6[/embed]

Before the dredging work could begin, the Princeton Hydro team was responsible for providing a sediment sampling plan, sample collection and laboratory analysis, engineering design plan, preparation and submission of all NJDEP regulatory permitting materials, preparation of the technical specifications, and bid administration. Currently, our team is providing construction administration and oversight for the project.

[gallery columns="2" link="none" size="medium" ids="14730,14726"] [caption id="attachment_14729" align="aligncenter" width="1227"]

March 19 2024 - The dredging work begins[/caption]

From Planning to Implementation and Beyond

The journey towards Dam Site 21's revival has been marked by meticulous planning, design, and community engagement spanning several years. With the commencement of dredging operations, the project's vision is gradually materializing—a testament to the dedication of all stakeholders involved. As the first phase unfolds, anticipation mounts for the realization of a vibrant, inclusive public space that honors both nature and community.

[caption id="attachment_14713" align="aligncenter" width="1280"]

Drone image of the Miry Run Dam Site 21 Project (Feb 27 2024)[/caption] [gallery link="none" size="medium" ids="14735,14734,14736"]

As Dam Site 21 undergoes its metamorphosis, it symbolizes not just a physical restoration, but a renewal of collective vision and commitment. Ultimately, Dam Site 21 isn't just a park—it's a testament to the enduring legacy of conservation, community, and the transformative power of restoration.

The significance of Dam Site 21's transformation extends far beyond its recreational appeal. It embodies a commitment to environmental stewardship, with measures aimed at bolstering flood resilience, improving water quality, and nurturing diverse wildlife habitats. By blending conservation with recreation, the project strikes an important balance between creating access for community members to enjoy the space and ecological preservation that puts native plants, critical habitat, and wildlife at the forefront.

To learn more about the restoration initiative and view the Final Master Plan, visit the Mercer County Park Commission’s website. Click here to learn about another one of Princeton Hydro’s recent restoration efforts. And, stay tuned here for more Mercer County Park Commission project updates!

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We are thrilled to announce that Dr. Fred Lubnow, Senior Technical Director of Ecological Services at Princeton Hydro, has been honored with the prestigious Peter Homack Award by the American Water Resources Association, New Jersey Section (NJ-AWRA). The award was presented during NJ-AWRA’s annual meeting in December, recognizing Fred’s outstanding contributions to the multi-disciplinary understanding and management of New Jersey’s water resources.

The Peter Homack Award, established in 1987, commemorates the late Peter Homack, a former NJ-AWRA president and distinguished New Jersey engineer. The award celebrates individuals who exemplify Homack’s legacy of advancing water resource management through collaboration and innovation.

Fred’s selection for this honor is a testament to his decades-long dedication to the restoration and protection of water resources. Since Princeton Hydro’s founding in 1998, Fred has played a pivotal role in the study and restoration of hundreds of lakes across New Jersey and the Mid-Atlantic region. His work at Lake Hopatcong, in particular, stands as a shining example of his commitment. For over 30 years, Fred has partnered with Lake Hopatcong stakeholders to implement comprehensive restoration plans, develop best management practices, and achieve milestones toward the lake’s water quality goals.

Beyond his work at Princeton Hydro, Fred has enriched the field of water resource management through education and stewardship. He teaches watershed management at Delaware Valley University and freshwater ecology at Villanova University, inspiring the next generation of environmental stewards. Fred has contributed to NJ-ARWA over the last five years through a variety of presentations on harmful algal blooms (HABs) and watershed planning. Additionally, he has held leadership roles in the North American Lake Management Society (NALMS) and the Pennsylvania Lake Management Society. Selected as a member of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection’s HAB Expert Team, Fred has been instrumental in shaping the HAB advisory and alert systems we rely on today. His contributions have advanced our understanding of the factors driving cyanobacterial blooms in New Jersey’s lakes, offering valuable insights to improve the prediction, prevention, and management of these blooms.

Although Fred could not attend the award ceremony in person, he joined virtually via Zoom as his colleague Michael Hartshorne, Princeton Hydro’s Director of Aquatics, accepted the award on his behalf. During Michael's acceptance speech, he said:

“I’ve worked with Fred since I started at Princeton Hydro in 2006. He’s a humble leader, a dedicated mentor, and an overall fantastic person. Fred’s enthusiasm for lake ecology, particularly algae, is truly infectious. It’s a rare skill to make others genuinely excited about such a niche topic, but Fred has a remarkable way of doing just that. Fred truly embodies the spirit of the Peter Homack Award, and it’s an honor to receive this on his behalf.”

Fred’s passion, expertise, and collaborative spirit have left an indelible mark on water resource management in New Jersey and beyond. Princeton Hydro congratulates him on this well-deserved recognition and looks forward to his continued contributions to the field.

Earlier this year, Fred wrote a piece on "Preparing for Potential Harmful Algal Blooms: An Urgent Call to Action for NJ’s Lakes and Reservoirs." Click here to read it and learn more about his work to address the challenges posed by HABs and protect the integrity of our water bodies. [gallery link="none" ids="16058,4919,2956"] [post_title] => Princeton Hydro’s Dr. Fred Lubnow Receives NJ-AWRA's Peter Homack Award [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => open [ping_status] => open [post_password] => [post_name] => princeton-hydros-dr-fred-lubnow-receives-nj-awras-peter-homack-award [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2025-03-26 23:50:52 [post_modified_gmt] => 2025-03-26 23:50:52 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://princetonhydro.com/?p=16054 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => post [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) ) [post_count] => 10 [current_post] => -1 [before_loop] => 1 [in_the_loop] => [post] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 17900 [post_author] => 1 [post_date] => 2025-07-21 14:35:31 [post_date_gmt] => 2025-07-21 14:35:31 [post_content] =>

Welcome to the latest edition of our Client Spotlight blog series, which provides an inside look at our collaboration, teamwork, and accomplishments with one of our client partners.

We spoke with Rebecca Brumagin, Town of Mina Supervisor, and Ed Mulkearn, Board President of the FLWF.

We kicked-off the conversation with a question for Rebecca:

Q: Rebecca, can you provide an overview of the Town of Mina and the core values the Town prioritizes?

A:

[embed]https://youtu.be/DkloMSAMoyE[/embed]

Rebecca continues: “As part of our 2024 Comprehensive Plan, the Town of Mina identified four core community values that guide our decision-making, with our top priority being Findley Lake!

Q: Ed, can you tell us about the history of FLWF and how it evolved into the organization it is today?

A:

Q: Ed, what are the core values that guide FLWF, and which current projects highlight those values in action?

A:

[embed]https://youtu.be/l7ljPic09iE[/embed]

Q: Rebecca, what are some of the initiatives the Town of Mina is leading to support ecological uplift, water quality improvements, and environmental stewardship?

A:

[embed]https://youtu.be/hTb0GMQirgE[/embed]

Q: Ed, reflecting on past collaborations, can you highlight a project or two that FLWF has worked on with Princeton Hydro?

A:

Princeton Hydro’s expertise has been instrumental in making complex science understandable and actionable, which has helped us take meaningful steps toward restoring the health of Findley Lake.”

[gallery columns="2" link="none" size="full" ids="17908,17907"]

Q: Rebecca, is there anything you'd like to add about the Town’s collaboration with Princeton Hydro?

A:

[embed]https://youtu.be/vtEIi23Ov98[/embed]

Q: Ed, for those interested in supporting FLWF’s mission, how can individuals get involved and contribute to your efforts?

A:

“We’re always grateful for donations, they fuel much of what we do. But beyond financial support, one of the most valuable ways people can contribute is by sharing their experiences and ideas.

To close out the conversation, we asked Rebecca and Ed if there was anything else they’d like to share.

In the video below, Ed reflects on the strong sense of community in the Town of Mina and the local support that fuels the ongoing efforts to protect and preserve Findley Lake:

[embed]https://youtu.be/nrsMt1WMODw[/embed]

Yes, Rebecca, we think that’s very cool!

[caption id="attachment_17902" align="alignnone" width="1482"]

Photo from Chautauqua County Visitors Bureau[/caption]

To learn more about their work and how you can get involved, we encourage you to visit the Town of Mina’s website and FLWF at findleylakewf.org.

Click here to read the previous edition of our Client Spotlight Series featuring Farmington River Watershed Association Executive Director Aimee Petras.

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Home Blog

Category: Lake Restoration

Posted on July 21, 2025 by Princeton Hydro

Q: Rebecca, can you provide an overview of the Town of Mina and the core values the Town prioritizes?

A:

Q: Ed, can you tell us about the history of FLWF and how it evolved into the organization it is today?

A:

Q: Ed, what are the core values that guide FLWF, and which current projects highlight those values in action?

A:

Q: Rebecca, what are some of the initiatives the Town of Mina is leading to support ecological uplift, water quality improvements, and environmental stewardship?

A:

Q: Ed, reflecting on past collaborations, can you highlight a project or two that FLWF has worked on with Princeton Hydro?

A:

Q: Rebecca, is there anything you'd like to add about the Town’s collaboration with Princeton Hydro?

A:

Q: Ed, for those interested in supporting FLWF’s mission, how can individuals get involved and contribute to your efforts?

A:

To close out the conversation, we asked Rebecca and Ed if there was anything else they’d like to share.

Understanding the Impacts of Invasive Species

Why Control Matters: Ecological, Economic, and Regulatory Incentives

Invasive Species Control Methods

Case Studies: Invasive Species Mitigation in Action

GreenVest Baltimore: Phragmites Control & Tidal Marsh Restoration

Mercer County: Long-Term Invasive Species Management

Lower Raritan Mitigation Site: Multi-Year, Multi-Faceted Wetland Restoration

South Cape May Meadows Nature Preserve: Restoring Balance & Enhancing Access

Stormwater Basin Maintenance & MS4 Compliance: Managing Invasives & Non-Natives

Protecting the Future of Our Wetlands and Wildlife

Historical Management of Harveys Lake

Innovative Solutions for Stormwater Nutrient Reduction

Measuring Success: Sampling, Monitoring, & Key Findings

Monitoring Set-Up

Data Analysis & Pollutant Load Modeling

Key Findings

Engaging the Community & Enriching the Landscape

A Scalable, Shareable Solution

What You’ll Discover Inside the StoryMap

Showcasing Success at the New Jersey Highlands Council 20th Anniversary Event

Lake Hopatcong Success Stories Funded by the New Jersey Highlands Council

Upper Musconetcong Watershed Implementation Plan (WIP): $109,000 to LHC

Restoration Plan for Memorial Beach and Park in the Borough of Mount Arlington: $60,000 to Borough of Mount Arlington

Preliminary Feasibility Assessment & Data Collection for Beneficial Reuse of Sediment in Landing Channel: $47,650 to Roxbury Township

Feasibility Study Update for Sewering Jefferson Township Section of Lake Hopatcong Watershed: $100,000 to Jefferson Township

Design of a Bank Stabilization and Planting Project along the Musconetcong River: $89,500 to Roxbury Township

Oxygenation Feasibility Study: $80,300 to Morris County

Design of a Regenerative Stormwater Conveyance System for Witten Park: $54,000 to Borough of Hopatcong

Three Year Trout Habitat Study at Lake Hopatcong: $130,000 to Jefferson Township

Revitalization of Two Stormwater Basins in Roxbury Township: $98,100 to Roxbury Township

Development of Plans for Catch Basins at Shore Hills Beach Club: $42,500 to Morris County

Expanding the Initiative Across Mercer County

Historical Data Review: Laying the Foundation for Informed Management

Bathymetric Survey: Mapping Mercer Lake's Depths and Sediments

Hydrologic and Pollutant Loading Analysis: Understanding the Sources and Impacts of Pollution

Water Quality Monitoring: Ensuring a Healthy Ecosystem

Trophic State Modeling: Assessing Lake Productivity

The Importance of Regional Watershed Planning

Phase One is Underway

From Planning to Implementation and Beyond

Q: Rebecca, can you provide an overview of the Town of Mina and the core values the Town prioritizes?

A:

Q: Ed, can you tell us about the history of FLWF and how it evolved into the organization it is today?

A:

Q: Ed, what are the core values that guide FLWF, and which current projects highlight those values in action?

A:

Q: Rebecca, what are some of the initiatives the Town of Mina is leading to support ecological uplift, water quality improvements, and environmental stewardship?

A:

Q: Ed, reflecting on past collaborations, can you highlight a project or two that FLWF has worked on with Princeton Hydro?

A:

Q: Rebecca, is there anything you'd like to add about the Town’s collaboration with Princeton Hydro?

A:

Q: Ed, for those interested in supporting FLWF’s mission, how can individuals get involved and contribute to your efforts?

A:

To close out the conversation, we asked Rebecca and Ed if there was anything else they’d like to share.

Category: Lake Restoration

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