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Held via Microsoft Teams and free to attend, this year’s summit embraced the theme “Kicking the HAB-it Together: Collaborating to Get Ahead of HABs”—a fitting reflection of the event’s focus on moving away from crisis-driven responses and toward proactive, long-term solutions for managing HABs. The summit brought together a diverse audience of local, state, and federal government representatives, environmental commissions, watershed associations, nonprofits, academic researchers, lake management professionals, and community members united by a shared goal: to better understand, prevent, and manage the impacts of HABs. With presentations spanning public health, policy, science, and on-the-ground solutions, the program set the stage for a day of insightful discussion and knowledge-sharing. The day kicked off with opening remarks and presentations from NJDEP representatives and the Montgomery Township Health Department, who provided updates on state-level HAB response efforts and local public health perspectives. The morning session also featured a technical keynote address from Dr. Wayne Carmichael, Professor Emeritus at Wright State University and a nationally recognized pioneer in HAB research. Dr. Carmichael offered a comprehensive national overview of the current HAB landscape, emerging threats, and the evolving science behind bloom detection, health risk assessment, and mitigation strategies. His presentation underscored the importance of cross-sector collaboration in tackling this growing environmental challenge. In the afternoon, the focus shifted to collaboration and preparedness. A panel discussion titled “Getting Ahead of the Crisis: Prevention vs. Response” included a range of voices, including NJDEP leadership, municipal representatives, and advocacy groups like The Watershed Institute. Panelists discussed how coordinated efforts, regulatory tools, and community engagement can help prevent the conditions that lead to HABs, rather than merely responding after blooms occur. The final portion of the summit highlighted innovative management strategies. Presentations covered topics like choosing practical solutions for HABs and restoration case studies. Princeton Hydro’s own Pat Rose, Aquatics Project Manager and Environmental Scientist, was among the expert speakers. Pat presented on a cutting-edge research and development initiative funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC). His talk explored both proactive and reactive treatment strategies designed to control near-shore HABs at Lake Hopatcong, New Jersey's largest lake, in a cost-effective and sustainable manner. If you weren’t able to attend the summit live, don’t worry—you can now watch the full recording on the NJDEP YouTube channel: [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0qnGIJe0QHE&t=4s[/embed] More Resources & How to Stay Informed HABs are rapid, large overgrowths of cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, aren’t actually algae, they are prokaryotes, single-celled aquatic organisms that are closely related to bacteria and can photosynthesize like algae. These microorganisms are a natural part of aquatic ecosystems, but, under the right conditions (e.g., heavy rains followed by hot, sunny days), these organisms can rapidly increase to form HABs. Climate change is leading to more frequent, more intense rainstorms that drive run-off pollutants into waterways, coupled with more hot days that increase the water temperature, creating the ideal environment for HABs to proliferate. In recent years, HABs have begun to appear in more places, earlier in the summer. The New Jersey Governor’s HABs Initiative was launched in 2019 after lakes throughout NJ (and the entire Continental U.S.) suffered from HAB outbreaks, which caused local and county health agencies to close off all beaches and issue advisories. These unprecedented conditions had significant negative impacts on lake-related ecological, recreational, and economic resources. The Governor’s initiative designated $13 million in funding to local communities for HABs reduction/prevention; established the HABs expert team, which includes Princeton Hydro Senior Technical Director, Ecological Services Dr. Fred Lubnow; and coordinated annual HABs summits in order to encourage continued community education and discussion. To learn more about HABs, view educational resources, or report a HAB sighting, visit the NJDEP Division of Water Monitoring and Standards HABs website. [post_title] => WATCH: 6th Annual NJDEP Harmful Algal Bloom Summit [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => open [ping_status] => open [post_password] => [post_name] => watch-6th-annual-hab-summit [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2025-04-21 13:57:05 [post_modified_gmt] => 2025-04-21 13:57:05 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => https://princetonhydro.com/?p=17457 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => post [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [1] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 17218 [post_author] => 1 [post_date] => 2025-03-17 02:09:14 [post_date_gmt] => 2025-03-17 02:09:14 [post_content] => Welcome to the latest edition of our “A Day in the Life” blog series! Today, we’re diving into the world of lake management, biological sampling, and watershed restoration with Patrick Rose, an Environmental Scientist and Project Manager in Princeton Hydro’s Aquatics Division. Since joining Princeton Hydro in 2019, Pat has played a key role in a range of aquatic projects, from water quality monitoring to fisheries management. His expertise spans in-lake and watershed management, including cyanobacteria monitoring, invasive species control, and statistical analysis of water quality and biological data. Pat has contributed to major initiatives such as developing Nine Element Watershed Implementation Plans for two of New Jersey’s largest lakes, crafting cyanotoxin mitigation strategies, and conducting lake phosphorus assessments to guide restoration efforts. His journey into aquatics began with a transformative summer course at Lake Atitlán in Guatemala, which ignited his passion for watershed science. After earning both an undergraduate degree in Environmental Science and a graduate degree in Lake Management from SUNY Oneonta, he spent a year with AmeriCorps in Knoxville, Tennessee, working on water quality initiatives with high school students and government agencies. He later completed a co-op managing aquatic invasive plants in the Pacific Northwest before joining Princeton Hydro as an intern in 2016, transitioning to a full-time role in 2019. Now, let’s step into Pat’s boots (or waders) and see what a typical day in the field looks like—starting with the essential preparations before heading out on the water. Preparing Equipment and Safety Gear for a Day in the Field Pat’s days are as varied as the ecosystems he studies. When fieldwork is on the schedule, his morning starts early—often before sunrise. The first step is checking the weather forecast to anticipate any conditions that could impact the day’s work. Next, he heads to the Princeton Hydro field office, where the team’s trucks, boats, and specialized aquatics equipment—such as the Truxor DM, Marsh Master 2MX-KC-FH, and Airboat—are stored. Before hitting the road, Pat and his team conduct a thorough inventory, gathering all necessary tools and performing critical equipment checks and calibrations. [gallery link="none" size="medium" columns="2" ids="17135,17131"] “It’s important to ensure that all of the equipment is accounted for and in good working order before leaving for the project site because the site can be a few hours away,” Pat explains. “We calibrate our water quality meters every morning to ensure that all of our measurements are accurate.” Even for routine monitoring projects at familiar sites, planning is essential. Some projects require full-day or multi-day sampling efforts, especially when testing large waterbodies at multiple locations. A well-structured plan helps keep the process efficient while allowing flexibility for unexpected challenges. As part of the Health and Safety Plan (HASP), the team also reviews emergency protocols, including identifying key points of contact and the nearest hospital in case of an emergency. If the project involves a boat, the team double-checks all required safety gear, including life jackets, fire extinguishers, flares, air horns, and first aid kits. They also bring protective gloves, especially when working in areas where harmful algal blooms (HABs) are suspected. To prevent the spread of invasive species, they follow strict decontamination protocols, washing boats at the end of each field day. With the gear packed, safety checks complete, and a solid plan in place, it’s time to hit the water and begin the day’s fieldwork. On the Water: Conducting Water Quality Monitoring in the Field Once Pat and the project team arrive at the site, they prepare the boat for launch and conduct a final safety check before heading out on the water. While they may have specific sampling locations identified in advance, the team remains vigilant for any additional signs of water quality issues, such as HABs, invasive aquatic weeds, or other ecological disturbances. They also take note of positive indicators of a healthy ecosystem, including native fish species, beneficial aquatic plants, and diverse wildlife activity. Decisions about field measurements at each location are guided by the client’s directives, an approved lake management plan, and any known or suspected water quality challenges the team is working to mitigate. One of the primary tools Pat relies on is the multiprobe water quality meter, which allows him to efficiently measure key water quality parameters, including temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductivity. This instrument provides real-time data, enabling the team to assess conditions on-site and make informed decisions about sampling and management strategies. Watch this video where Pat demonstrates how to use a multiprobe water quality meter: [embed]https://youtu.be/6J1oV1qdh4k[/embed] In addition to using the multiprobe, the team collects water samples for laboratory analysis, testing for conductivity, turbidity, nutrient levels, and, in some cases, fecal coliform bacteria. Shoreline assessments are also a crucial part of monitoring efforts. Pat and his team walk the banks to document erosion, bank stability, and native plant growth, recording their observations through field notes and photo documentation. With data collection complete, the next step is analyzing the results and translating the findings into actionable insights. Exploring Lake Hopatcong: A Case Study in Trout Habitat Monitoring One of the projects Pat is most involved with is the trout habitat monitoring study at Lake Hopatcong, New Jersey’s largest lake. The lake’s trout fishery is a major recreational attraction, drawing anglers from across the region and contributing to the local economy. However, an analysis of 30 years of water quality data revealed a concerning trend—rising surface water temperatures, which can negatively impact trout habitat and survival rates. [gallery columns="2" link="none" ids="17136,17132"] In response to these concerns, the Lake Hopatcong Commission (LHC) Trout Committee was formed in 2021. Working in collaboration with the Lake Hopatcong Foundation and the Knee-Deep Club, the committee launched a three-year trout tagging study to evaluate the lake’s ability to support a sustainable trout population. Princeton Hydro is responsible for all technical aspects of the study, including data collection, analysis, and reporting, with funding provided by the New Jersey Highlands Council. To understand how habitat conditions fluctuate during peak summer stress periods, Pat and his team conducted weekly sampling in July and August at both deep-water stations and nearshore areas. “We take GPS measurements at every site around the shoreline where we measure temperature and dissolved oxygen,” Pat explains. “Then, we send the locations to our GIS team so they can create detailed habitat maps.” The study focuses on two key elements: 1. Deep-Water Sampling:
On April 9, experts and stakeholders from across the country gathered virtually for the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection’s (NJDEP) 6th Annual Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) Summit. Held via Microsoft Teams and free to attend, this year’s summit embraced the theme “Kicking the HAB-it Together: Collaborating to Get Ahead of HABs”—a fitting reflection of the event’s focus on moving away from crisis-driven responses and toward proactive, long-term solutions for managing HABs.
The summit brought together a diverse audience of local, state, and federal government representatives, environmental commissions, watershed associations, nonprofits, academic researchers, lake management professionals, and community members united by a shared goal: to better understand, prevent, and manage the impacts of HABs. With presentations spanning public health, policy, science, and on-the-ground solutions, the program set the stage for a day of insightful discussion and knowledge-sharing.
The day kicked off with opening remarks and presentations from NJDEP representatives and the Montgomery Township Health Department, who provided updates on state-level HAB response efforts and local public health perspectives. The morning session also featured a technical keynote address from Dr. Wayne Carmichael, Professor Emeritus at Wright State University and a nationally recognized pioneer in HAB research. Dr. Carmichael offered a comprehensive national overview of the current HAB landscape, emerging threats, and the evolving science behind bloom detection, health risk assessment, and mitigation strategies. His presentation underscored the importance of cross-sector collaboration in tackling this growing environmental challenge.
In the afternoon, the focus shifted to collaboration and preparedness. A panel discussion titled “Getting Ahead of the Crisis: Prevention vs. Response” included a range of voices, including NJDEP leadership, municipal representatives, and advocacy groups like The Watershed Institute. Panelists discussed how coordinated efforts, regulatory tools, and community engagement can help prevent the conditions that lead to HABs, rather than merely responding after blooms occur.
The final portion of the summit highlighted innovative management strategies. Presentations covered topics like choosing practical solutions for HABs and restoration case studies. Princeton Hydro’s own Pat Rose, Aquatics Project Manager and Environmental Scientist, was among the expert speakers. Pat presented on a cutting-edge research and development initiative funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC). His talk explored both proactive and reactive treatment strategies designed to control near-shore HABs at Lake Hopatcong, New Jersey's largest lake, in a cost-effective and sustainable manner.
If you weren’t able to attend the summit live, don’t worry—you can now watch the full recording on the NJDEP YouTube channel:
HABs are rapid, large overgrowths of cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, aren’t actually algae, they are prokaryotes, single-celled aquatic organisms that are closely related to bacteria and can photosynthesize like algae. These microorganisms are a natural part of aquatic ecosystems, but, under the right conditions (e.g., heavy rains followed by hot, sunny days), these organisms can rapidly increase to form HABs. Climate change is leading to more frequent, more intense rainstorms that drive run-off pollutants into waterways, coupled with more hot days that increase the water temperature, creating the ideal environment for HABs to proliferate. In recent years, HABs have begun to appear in more places, earlier in the summer.
The New Jersey Governor’s HABs Initiative was launched in 2019 after lakes throughout NJ (and the entire Continental U.S.) suffered from HAB outbreaks, which caused local and county health agencies to close off all beaches and issue advisories. These unprecedented conditions had significant negative impacts on lake-related ecological, recreational, and economic resources. The Governor’s initiative designated $13 million in funding to local communities for HABs reduction/prevention; established the HABs expert team, which includes Princeton Hydro Senior Technical Director, Ecological Services Dr. Fred Lubnow; and coordinated annual HABs summits in order to encourage continued community education and discussion.
To learn more about HABs, view educational resources, or report a HAB sighting, visit the NJDEP Division of Water Monitoring and Standards HABs website.
Welcome to the latest edition of our “A Day in the Life” blog series! Today, we’re diving into the world of lake management, biological sampling, and watershed restoration with Patrick Rose, an Environmental Scientist and Project Manager in Princeton Hydro’s Aquatics Division.
Since joining Princeton Hydro in 2019, Pat has played a key role in a range of aquatic projects, from water quality monitoring to fisheries management. His expertise spans in-lake and watershed management, including cyanobacteria monitoring, invasive species control, and statistical analysis of water quality and biological data. Pat has contributed to major initiatives such as developing Nine Element Watershed Implementation Plans for two of New Jersey’s largest lakes, crafting cyanotoxin mitigation strategies, and conducting lake phosphorus assessments to guide restoration efforts.
His journey into aquatics began with a transformative summer course at Lake Atitlán in Guatemala, which ignited his passion for watershed science. After earning both an undergraduate degree in Environmental Science and a graduate degree in Lake Management from SUNY Oneonta, he spent a year with AmeriCorps in Knoxville, Tennessee, working on water quality initiatives with high school students and government agencies. He later completed a co-op managing aquatic invasive plants in the Pacific Northwest before joining Princeton Hydro as an intern in 2016, transitioning to a full-time role in 2019.
Now, let’s step into Pat’s boots (or waders) and see what a typical day in the field looks like—starting with the essential preparations before heading out on the water.
Pat’s days are as varied as the ecosystems he studies. When fieldwork is on the schedule, his morning starts early—often before sunrise. The first step is checking the weather forecast to anticipate any conditions that could impact the day’s work.
Next, he heads to the Princeton Hydro field office, where the team’s trucks, boats, and specialized aquatics equipment—such as the Truxor DM, Marsh Master 2MX-KC-FH, and Airboat—are stored. Before hitting the road, Pat and his team conduct a thorough inventory, gathering all necessary tools and performing critical equipment checks and calibrations.
“It’s important to ensure that all of the equipment is accounted for and in good working order before leaving for the project site because the site can be a few hours away,” Pat explains. “We calibrate our water quality meters every morning to ensure that all of our measurements are accurate.”
Even for routine monitoring projects at familiar sites, planning is essential. Some projects require full-day or multi-day sampling efforts, especially when testing large waterbodies at multiple locations. A well-structured plan helps keep the process efficient while allowing flexibility for unexpected challenges. As part of the Health and Safety Plan (HASP), the team also reviews emergency protocols, including identifying key points of contact and the nearest hospital in case of an emergency.
If the project involves a boat, the team double-checks all required safety gear, including life jackets, fire extinguishers, flares, air horns, and first aid kits. They also bring protective gloves, especially when working in areas where harmful algal blooms (HABs) are suspected. To prevent the spread of invasive species, they follow strict decontamination protocols, washing boats at the end of each field day.
With the gear packed, safety checks complete, and a solid plan in place, it’s time to hit the water and begin the day’s fieldwork.
Once Pat and the project team arrive at the site, they prepare the boat for launch and conduct a final safety check before heading out on the water.
While they may have specific sampling locations identified in advance, the team remains vigilant for any additional signs of water quality issues, such as HABs, invasive aquatic weeds, or other ecological disturbances. They also take note of positive indicators of a healthy ecosystem, including native fish species, beneficial aquatic plants, and diverse wildlife activity.
Decisions about field measurements at each location are guided by the client’s directives, an approved lake management plan, and any known or suspected water quality challenges the team is working to mitigate.
One of the primary tools Pat relies on is the multiprobe water quality meter, which allows him to efficiently measure key water quality parameters, including temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductivity. This instrument provides real-time data, enabling the team to assess conditions on-site and make informed decisions about sampling and management strategies.
In addition to using the multiprobe, the team collects water samples for laboratory analysis, testing for conductivity, turbidity, nutrient levels, and, in some cases, fecal coliform bacteria. Shoreline assessments are also a crucial part of monitoring efforts. Pat and his team walk the banks to document erosion, bank stability, and native plant growth, recording their observations through field notes and photo documentation.
With data collection complete, the next step is analyzing the results and translating the findings into actionable insights.
One of the projects Pat is most involved with is the trout habitat monitoring study at Lake Hopatcong, New Jersey’s largest lake. The lake’s trout fishery is a major recreational attraction, drawing anglers from across the region and contributing to the local economy. However, an analysis of 30 years of water quality data revealed a concerning trend—rising surface water temperatures, which can negatively impact trout habitat and survival rates.
In response to these concerns, the Lake Hopatcong Commission (LHC) Trout Committee was formed in 2021. Working in collaboration with the Lake Hopatcong Foundation and the Knee-Deep Club, the committee launched a three-year trout tagging study to evaluate the lake’s ability to support a sustainable trout population. Princeton Hydro is responsible for all technical aspects of the study, including data collection, analysis, and reporting, with funding provided by the New Jersey Highlands Council.
To understand how habitat conditions fluctuate during peak summer stress periods, Pat and his team conducted weekly sampling in July and August at both deep-water stations and nearshore areas. “We take GPS measurements at every site around the shoreline where we measure temperature and dissolved oxygen,” Pat explains. “Then, we send the locations to our GIS team so they can create detailed habitat maps.”
The study focuses on two key elements:
By collecting and analyzing this data, the study provides critical insights into how trout habitat is changing and what can be done to protect and enhance suitable conditions for this important fishery. Click here to read more about the Lake Hopatcong Trout Habitat and Tagging Study.
Managing aquatic projects isn’t just about addressing challenges—it’s about bringing people together to protect and enhance vital ecosystems. Successful water quality restoration efforts thrive on collaboration, education, and community engagement.
“Lakes serve many purposes, and different groups value different aspects,” Pat explains. “Fishermen often want sufficient aquatic vegetation for a healthy fishery, while boaters and swimmers typically prefer little to no vegetation. The best way to ensure a balanced approach is to involve all stakeholders in the conversation.”
At Lake Hopatcong, Pat and his team work closely with the Lake Hopatcong Commission, Lake Hopatcong Foundation, local government entities, volunteers, and community members. Regular communication and engagement efforts ensure that project goals reflect the needs of the entire community. By fostering open dialogue, gathering feedback, and sharing scientific insights, they aim to inspire stewardship and long-term investment in the lake’s health.
As Pat continues to make meaningful contributions to Princeton Hydro’s mission, he remains dedicated to expanding his expertise and leadership in lake and watershed management. He thrives on the balance between technical fieldwork, client collaboration, and mentorship, and he’s always eager to take on new challenges in aquatic science.
For students interested in the field, Pat emphasizes the value of hands-on experience: “Take as many courses as you can in aquatics and related fields,” he advises. “Seek out internships, research opportunities, or assist graduate students and professors. Real-world experience is invaluable.”
With passionate professionals like Pat leading the way, the future of lake management and watershed restoration is in good hands.
Click here to read the previous "Day in the Life" blog series edition featuring Tara Srinivasan, Environmental Scientist and GIS Analyst, and stay tuned for more behind-the-scenes stories from our talented team!
We’re thrilled to announce that Princeton Hydro’s Senior Manager of Aquatics and Certified Lake Manager, Chris L. Mikolajczyk, has been appointed as President-Elect of the Colorado Lake and Reservoir Management Association’s (CLRMA) 2025 Board of Directors. This appointment highlights Chris’s dedication to lake management and his commitment to advancing aquatic resource conservation efforts.
CLRMA, which was founded in 1996, brings together citizens, scientists, and professionals with a shared passion for protecting Colorado’s lakes and reservoirs. The annual CLRMA board election took place on October 22, 2024 during the organization’s fall conference. This event, a cornerstone for water resource professionals and conservation advocates throughout Colorado, fosters connections and knowledge-sharing on aquatic ecosystem health, water quality, and the legal and financial aspects of lake management.
Chris will serve as President-Elect for a one-year term, after which he will become President. In this role, Chris will work closely with CLRMA members to plan and host educational events, including spring and fall conferences, and summer gatherings, such as lake appreciation days and family-friendly workshops. With his extensive experience in lake management, as well as a term as the President of the North American Lake Management Society (NALMS), Chris is well-prepared to contribute to CLRMA’s mission of protecting and enhancing Colorado’s lakes and reservoirs.
“It’s an honor to join the CLRMA board and have the opportunity to contribute to the sustainability of Colorado’s valuable water resources,” said Chris. “I look forward to collaborating with the CLRMA team to advance our shared mission of fostering resilient, healthy lakes and reservoirs.”
Chris joined Princeton Hydro in 1999 and has spent the past 25 years managing and restoring lakes and aquatic ecosystems. Over his career, he has led numerous lake management and water quality projects across the U.S. and has played an active role in professional organizations such as NALMS. Chris’s experience includes lake diagnostics, watershed management planning, stormwater quality modeling, and leading various aquatic restoration initiatives. He brings a wealth of knowledge to CLRMA and is excited to expand his involvement in Colorado’s lake conservation community.
Alongside Chris, the newly elected 2025 CLRMA Board members include:
Additional CLRMA Board members who will continue their roles include Suresh Niraula (Past President), Meghan Chantler (Secretary), Claire Farmer (Director), and James Eklund (West Slope Director).
Together, the CLRMA board provides a forum for sharing expertise and solutions on issues facing Colorado’s lakes, from water quality and ecosystem resilience to watershed protection.
Princeton Hydro is proud to support Chris in his work with CLRMA as we continue our mission of delivering sustainable, science-based solutions for water resource management and lake restoration across the country. This mission has recently extended to Colorado, where we completed our first project—a bathymetric assessment of Fairplay Beach Reservoir in partnership with the Town of Fairplay. This project involved mapping the reservoir’s underwater landscape to support its conservation, adding critical data for future restoration and management efforts in this beautiful high-altitude ecosystem.
As we look ahead, Princeton Hydro is excited to bring our expertise to Colorado’s unique aquatic environments and partner with local communities and conservation organizations to protect the state’s natural resources. Stay tuned for more updates as we continue exploring new waters and contributing to sustainable resource management across the region.
For more information about CLRMA and its work in protecting Colorado’s lakes and reservoirs, visit their website here.
Lake Hopatcong, New Jersey's largest freshwater lake, spans 2,600 acres and stretches over six miles, forming part of the border between Sussex and Morris counties in the state’s northern Highlands region. Just 40 miles from Manhattan, its proximity to the city, combined with its scenic beauty, recreational appeal, and rich biodiversity, has long made it a desirable destination for visitors, residents, and businesses alike. The lake’s waters and surrounding habitats support diverse wildlife, including aquatic plants, animals, birds, and other terrestrial species.
Increased residential and commercial development, along with the impacts of climate change, have placed growing pressures on the lake’s ecosystem. Managing these pressures is vital to preserving water quality and protecting the biodiversity of both the lake and its watershed.
The Lake Hopatcong Foundation (LHF) and Lake Hopatcong Commission (LHC) are dedicated to protecting the lake and balancing development with environmental stewardship. Through thoughtful planning, long-term sustainability initiatives, and strategic partnerships, they have worked to safeguard the lake’s ecological, economic, and recreational value.
Princeton Hydro, a long-standing partner in this effort, has been involved in restoring the lake and managing its watershed for over 30 years. Our work has focused on reducing pollutant loads, managing stormwater runoff, addressing invasive aquatic plants and nuisance algal blooms, and enhancing habitat quality. Together with LHF, LHC, and funding partners, we have implemented a variety of projects designed to protect the lake and the communities that rely on it.
As a key partner, the New Jersey Highlands Council (Highlands Council) has provided essential funding for many of these critical projects, ensuring they come to fruition. These efforts reflect the Council’s commitment to safeguarding Lake Hopatcong’s future while upholding the Highlands Act’s mission to protect natural resources and foster sustainable community growth. These collaborations are vital to the initiatives that preserve the lake’s water quality, restore habitats, and promote the long-term health of the region.
In celebration of its 20th anniversary, the Highlands Council hosted a special event, which featured a “Lake Hopatcong Exhibit,” highlighting many of the successful projects that it funded. Representatives from LHC, LHF, Highlands Council, and Princeton Hydro, were on hand to discuss the significance of these projects and their contributions to the long-term health of the lake and surrounding communities.
The exhibit included a variety of interactive experiences, including informative posters and maps detailing project efforts. Participants were able to examine Lake Hopatcong water samples under microscopes with guidance from Dr. Fred S. Lubnow, Princeton Hydro Senior Technical Director of Ecological Services.
By highlighting both the challenges faced and the progress made, the exhibit offered attendees a deeper understanding of the lake’s critical role in the region’s environmental and economic sustainability as well as the ongoing efforts to maintain the lake's water quality and protect its ecological health.
Through funding from the Council, a variety of partners including LHF, LHC, Princeton Hydro, and local government agencies have been able to implement a myriad of projects. From stormwater management systems to watershed restoration efforts, these initiatives are designed to address issues like nutrient pollution, invasive species, and habitat degradation. These projects are helping to protect the lake’s water quality and ensure its healthy future:
In 2021, the Upper Musconetcong River Watershed Restoration Plan was updated to a 9-element WIP. This revision re-evaluated existing conditions, integrated green infrastructure, and incorporated emerging technologies. The WIP has since facilitated funding for projects such as biochar installation, alum treatments to reduce phosphorus, and stormwater management improvements. 25% of the WIP ($27,250) was used as match toward a National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) grant ($485,650). This effort led to NJDEP 319 (h) Stormwater Grant for Biofiltration at Lakeside Fields ($239,000).
A restoration plan was developed for the watershed that directly flows to Memorial Beach through the park. A series of stormwater management measures were recommended and subsequent funding was secured. This effort led to community-funded project for the dredging of Memorial Pond ($277,000) and a slope stabilization with native plantings at Memorial Pond via a NJ Department of Environmental Protection 319(h) grant. $70,500 was also used as match for NFWF Glen Brook Project (Total Project - Glen, Muscy, Witten - $485,650)
Erosion of Floating Island, which located in Lake Hopatcong’s Landing Channel, contributed to significant sediment accumulation. A preliminary feasibility study conducted by Princeton Hydro explored dredging and habitat restoration options. The proposed beneficial reuse/dredging project would rehabilitate the island and lead to reduced phosphorus in the lake, increased beneficial wetland habitat, and improved water quality. The next phase of the project includes engineering design, permitting, and implementation.
A 25+ year-old feasibility study was updated to lay the groundwork for the the installation of sanitary sewers along the lakefront area of Jefferson Township, which is currently using septic systems. This marked the first step in addressing one of largest sources of phosphorus entering Lake Hopatcong and a pivotal milestone in the ongoing efforts to safeguard water quality and mitigate the risk of harmful algal blooms (HABs) on Lake Hopatcong. These efforts led to a Community Funded Project from Congresswoman Sherill’s Office ($750,000).
A bank stabilization design and planting plan was completed for a popular fishing location along the Musconetcong River between Lakes Hopatcong and Musconetcong. The project, led by the LHC with technical assistance from Princeton Hydro, aims to reduce sediment and nutrient levels in Lake Musconetcong by improving the condition of a key section of the Musconetcong River. The Highlands Council grant to Roxbury Township provided the critical first step in this long-term, multifaceted project.
Princeton Hydro completed a feasibility study for the design of an oxygenation system for Lake Hopatcong. It aimed to address the lake’s internal phosphorus load that contributes toward the nuisance HABs over the summer months. Since the widespread occurrence of HABs in 2019, the LHF and the LHC have been actively exploring solutions to reduce their frequency. Oxygenation systems help prevent stagnation of water, increasing circulation, disrupting thermal stratification which provides “through-column” mixing, and minimizes the occurrence of HABs. The results of this study will be used to move the project forward into the permitting and implementation phases.
A planting plan and regenerative stormwater conveyance system design was completed to aid in the mitigation of stormwater in Witten Park. A new system will help to manage and treat stormwater within the park, reducing erosion and sediment that flows into Lake Hopatcong. The system will also restore the floodplain, wetlands, and streams, and improve the ecological health of the area. The funding from the Council was also used by LHC as in-kind match for a NFWF grant award ($353,000) for the permitting & implementation phases.
One of the most significant recreational draws to Lake Hopatcong is its trout fishery, recognized regionally by anglers and established as an important component of the local economy. Data collected over the past 30 years at the lake was analyzed and showed increasing surface water temperatures, a trend that may suggest that the trout carryover habitat is being negatively impacted. The LHC, in cooperation with the LHF and the Knee-Deep Club, initiated a three-year trout tagging study. The study focused on the introduction of larger trout to assess the long-term population dynamics of those stocked fish and the general health of the fishery.
Planning documents, a hydraulic & hydrologic analysis, and an engineering report were prepared for the construction of two stormwater basin retrofits. The stormwater basin retrofit project aims to minimize runoff and reduce pollutants flowing into Lake Hopatcong, thus protecting water quality. The reconstruction of the basins is critical in managing stormwater effectively, preventing erosion, and reducing nutrient loads that contribute to harmful algal blooms. By improving these basins, the project plays a key role in safeguarding the lake's ecosystem and ensuring the long-term health of its water resources.
A field assessment, survey, and engineering design was completed for the installation of stormwater treatment devices at each of the outfall systems at the Shore Hills Beach Club property, which is located at the southern most tip of Lake Hopatcong. The primary goal of the project is to reduce phosphorus loads entering the lake, which can lead to nuisance weed growth, reduced water quality, and the proliferation of HABs. This funding from the Council enabled the project's next phase: construction.
As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of the New Jersey Highlands Council and its vital contributions to Lake Hopatcong, it’s clear that the future of this treasured resource relies on ongoing collaboration among stakeholders, local communities, and environmental organizations. By implementing innovative solutions and promoting sustainable practices, we can ensure that Lake Hopatcong continues to thrive as both an ecological haven and a recreational hub. This collective effort not only enhances the lake’s water quality and biodiversity but also strengthens the economic vitality of the surrounding communities, fostering a legacy of environmental stewardship for generations to come.
Princeton Hydro recently completed its first project in Colorado—a bathymetric assessment of the Fairplay Beach Reservoir. In partnership with the Town of Fairplay, this project focused on mapping the reservoir’s underwater landscape to support ongoing conservation efforts.
In this blog, we'll dive into the details of the bathymetric assessment process, the significance of this work for Fairplay Beach Reservoir, and the role it plays in preserving the area's natural beauty and resources.
A bathymetric assessment is a precise scientific method used to map the depths and contours of a waterbody. This process involves measuring water depths and quantifying accumulated, unconsolidated sediment, offering crucial insights into the underwater terrain. Bathymetric assessments play a vital role in long-term conservation efforts by providing essential data that informs decisions about the restoration and protection of the waterbody.
During the assessment, advanced equipment, including dual-frequency fathometers linked to GIS software and GPS systems, are used to collect data across the waterbody. The resulting maps provide a comprehensive view of the waterbody’s depth and sediment thickness. These maps are crucial for various management activities, including assessing the need for dredging, understanding sedimentation patterns and their impact on water quality and aquatic habitats, evaluating the colonization of aquatic plants, and analyzing the overall health of the aquatic ecosystem. Additionally, this data is used in trophic models to predict the reservoir’s response to incoming nutrients, further supporting the management and preservation of water quality.
A town steeped in history, Fairplay, Colorado was founded in 1859 during the Pike’s Peak Gold Rush. Located at nearly 10,000 feet in elevation, it is the largest community in the South Park grassland basin of Colorado. Today, Fairplay is a charming destination that attracts visitors with its opportunities for fishing, panning for gold, hiking and camping amidst the stunning backdrop of the Rocky Mountains.
Nestled in the heart of Fairplay, Fairplay Beach Reservoir is a small yet vital waterbody created in 1922 when a dam was constructed on the South Platte River. This high-altitude reservoir has become an essential recreation resource, particularly for brown and rainbow trout fishing. Fairplay Beach is also a central feature of the Fairplay River Park Master Plan, which focuses on preserving this important resource for future generations.
Princeton Hydro's team, Senior Manager of Aquatics and Colorado resident Chris Mikolajczyk, CLM and Senior Environmental Scientist J.P. Bell, GISP, conducted the assessment in August 2024. Utilizing a dory boat equipped with state-of-the-art technology, the team meticulously mapped the reservoir's depths and sediment layers. Michele White, a local Board member of the Pikes Peak Chapter of Trout Unlimited assisted the project team by offering her expertise as a local fishing guide and providing the dory to carry all of the survey instruments across the reservoir. The assessment covered 29 traverses across the reservoir, providing a comprehensive view of its underwater topography.
The data collected during this assessment will serve as a baseline for future studies, helping to track changes in water volume and sedimentation over time. It also provides critical insights for the Fairplay River Park Master Plan, guiding future decisions on dredging, habitat restoration, and water resource management.
As Princeton Hydro continues to expand its reach, we are excited to bring our expertise in water resource management to new regions like Colorado. The successful completion of the Fairplay Beach Reservoir bathymetric assessment is just the beginning of what we hope will be a long and fruitful partnership with communities and conservation organizations across the state.
We look forward to future opportunities to contribute to the preservation and enhancement of Colorado’s unique high-altitude aquatic environments. Stay tuned for more updates as we continue to explore new waters and chart new territories.
Over the last two decades, the Princeton Hydro team has improved water quality in hundreds of ponds and lakes, restored many miles of rivers, and enhanced thousands of acres of ecosystems in the Northeast. Recently, Smith Mountain Lake Association sought the expertise of Princeton Hydro to investigate the cause of a harmful algal bloom and protect the lake from future outbreaks. Click here to learn more.
Mercer County Park, spanning over 2,500 acres across the Townships of West Windsor, Hamilton, and Lawrence, is a treasured natural resource. Like many waterbodies throughout New Jersey, some of the lakes within Mercer County Park have been increasingly affected by harmful algal blooms (HABs) in recent years. In response to the growing frequency, duration, and severity of these blooms, the Mercer County Park Commission (MCPC) has intensified its efforts to enhance the overall health of its lakes.
To address these challenges, the County of Mercer tasked the MCPC with developing a comprehensive Lake and Watershed Management Plan. The ultimate goal is to ensure the health, stability, and sustainability of the park's aquatic ecosystems, thereby enhancing the recreational experience for park users. In this endeavor, the MCPC has partnered with Princeton Hydro to bridge gaps in the existing data and create a thorough management plan.
The plan documents the current conditions of waterbodies within the park, including Mercer Lake, which is the largest, and its surrounding watershed; identifies and prioritizes existing and potential water quality challenges; and provides targeted recommendations for treatment and restoration.
Princeton Hydro conducted a detailed analysis of the lakes' ecological health, including water quality monitoring, bathymetric mapping, and assessment of hydrologic and pollutant budgets. These comprehensive efforts have culminated in a robust management plan designed to protect and improve the lakes' ecological balance and recreational value.
While Mercer Lake is a key focus, Princeton Hydro's commitment extends beyond this single waterbody. Recognizing the interconnected nature of the county's aquatic ecosystems, the team conducted similar analysis and developed Lake and Watershed Management Plans for three additional lakes in other parks within Mercer County.
Each of these lakes, like Mercer Lake, faces unique challenges related to maintaining water quality, protecting ecological balance, and mitigating HABs. By applying a comprehensive approach tailored to the specific conditions and needs of each lake, Princeton Hydro aims to enhance the overall health of these vital resources.
Let's dive into the details of Mercer Lake's plan!
The first crucial step in developing Mercer County Park's comprehensive lake management plan involved a thorough review of historical data obtained from various sources, including the County, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). This review was essential for capitalizing on established water quality trends, identifying recurring problems, and evaluating the success of previous restoration efforts.
The historical data review spanned an impressive range of years from 1963 to 2016, though it did contain some significant gaps. Despite these gaps, the long-term data provided invaluable insights into the lake's ecological history. By integrating reliable data from past studies, the team could complement their field efforts with supplemental information.
Princeton Hydro examined data on Mercer Lake, a key focus of the management plan initiative, and on all streams within each watershed that feed into the lake. This included any available surface water data from the USGS, a standard approach in aquatic system studies. By analyzing these data, the team identified trends in water quality, highlighted persistent issues, and assessed the effectiveness of past restoration efforts.
This comprehensive historical data review set the stage for a robust watershed assessment, ensuring that the management plan would be informed by a solid foundation of past knowledge.
A bathymetric survey is a scientific method used to map the depths and topography of waterbodies, providing detailed information about the underwater terrain and the distribution of sediments. This survey is crucial for understanding various aspects of a lake's ecosystem, including sediment thickness, water volume, and potential areas for dredging. The data gathered from a bathymetric survey helps in making informed decisions regarding the restoration and protection of lakes.
Princeton Hydro conducted the bathymetric survey using a calibrated sounding rod for shallow areas and a dual-frequency echo sounder with GPS for deeper regions. The sounding rod was employed in areas with water depths of 12 inches or less and where sediment composition hindered echo sounding. The echo sounder, a Knudsen Engineering model 1612, used high and low frequencies to distinguish the top and bottom of sediment layers. Data points were collected along predetermined transects spaced 150 feet apart, running from shoreline to shoreline in a north-south direction.
Once fieldwork was completed, the collected data was processed using Hypack Max software. This involved editing the raw sounder data to correct errors such as double reflections and interference from aquatic vegetation. The cleaned data was exported to ArcGIS for further analysis and mapping.
The results of the bathymetric survey revealed that Mercer Lake, a key focus of the lake management plan, covers a surface area of approximately 287 acres and is primarily an oval-shaped impoundment. The lake receives inflow from Assunpink Creek and its tributaries and discharges water westward, eventually reaching the Delaware River, Delaware Bay, and the Atlantic Ocean.
Mercer Lake was found to be relatively shallow, with a mean depth of 8.9 feet and a maximum depth of 18.5 feet. The total volume of water in the lake was estimated at around 2,560 acre-feet, or 834.2 million gallons. The survey also indicated significant sediment deposition in the eastern portion of the lake, with a total sediment volume of approximately 855,325 cubic yards. This pattern is likely due to the lake's role as a settling area for sediment carried by tributary inflows and stormwater discharges, which transport debris, leaf litter, and other materials into the lake.
Below is an image of the Bathymetric Survey that provides a detailed view of the sediment thickness contours measured in feet throughout Mercer Lake:
By establishing a detailed understanding of Mercer Lake's depth and sediment distribution, the bathymetric survey provides a robust foundation for the comprehensive lake management plan, informing long-term management decisions. The bathymetric data collected is also essential for evaluating the need for dredging, understanding aquatic plant colonization patterns, and predicting the lake's response to incoming nutrients, helping to guide restoration and protection efforts.
Hydrologic and Pollutant Loading Analysis is crucial for identifying the sources and impacts of pollutants entering a waterbody. It involves delineating watersheds, assessing hydrologic data, and evaluating nutrient loads.
For Mercer Lake, Princeton Hydro conducted an extensive analysis using tools such as USGS StreamStats and Stroud Research Center’s Model My Watershed®. This study provided a detailed understanding of the water and pollutant dynamics within the Mercer Lake watershed. The map below offers an aerial view of the watershed, illustrating the various types of land cover present within the area:
Runoff varied considerably between different sub-watersheds due to factors like land cover types, land-use consumption, impervious surfaces, and topography. Variations in elevation change also determine the impact runoff has on soil erosion, with steeper slopes causing higher erosion rates, especially if little vegetation is present. The chart below shows the various types of soil coverage in areas throughout the Mercer Lake watershed:
Princeton Hydro also assessed other pollutant sources, including groundwater seepage, streambank erosion, and contributions from residential septic systems. Additionally, the impact of waterfowl, particularly Canada Goose, was evaluated using nutrient loading coefficients. The presence of these birds significantly contributes to phosphorus and nitrogen levels.
The hydrologic budget, representing the water balance of the lake, was calculated by considering inputs such as direct precipitation, overland runoff, tributary inflow, and groundwater seepage. This data is vital for conducting trophic state analyses and determining the feasibility of various in-lake restoration techniques. Internal loading of phosphorus, which occurs when anoxic conditions in the lake's bottom sediments release bound phosphorus into the water, was also analyzed.
Results of the analysis revealed that Mercer Lake, covering 287.1 acres, is influenced by a watershed area of 20,551.4 acres, predominantly consisting of cropland and forested areas. The lake's shallow nature coupled with significant sediment deposition in the eastern portion, underscores the importance of managing both external and internal nutrient loads.
Understanding the hydrologic and pollutant dynamics through this detailed analysis allows for the development of a lake management plan that helps to prioritize management efforts, target the primary sources of pollution, and effectively address HABs.
Monitoring water quality is essential for understanding the existing chemistry of a lake, identifying trends, pinpointing problems, and assessing nutrient levels. It provides critical data that informs management decisions and helps maintain the health and stability of aquatic ecosystems.
For Mercer Lake, Princeton Hydro conducted thorough water quality monitoring from 2021 to 2023. This involved analyzing in-situ, discrete, and plankton data collected over three growing seasons. The monitoring focused on various parameters, including hypolimnetic anoxia and associated phosphorus dynamics, which are key contributors to HABs. The data collected offered a current assessment of the lake’s trophic state and plankton community, providing a baseline to document shifts in water quality in response to future management measures.
The Princeton Hydro team performed 13 sampling events at two consistent stations in Mercer Lake: a deep water station near the dam (ML-1) and a mid-lake station (ML-2). Various parameters were monitored, including water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, specific conductivity, chlorophyll a, and phycocyanin, using an In-Situ AquaTROLL 500 meter.
Water samples were collected at both in-lake stations at the surface (0.5 meters) and near the bottom (0.5 meters above the sediment) using a Van Dorn water sampler. Samples were preserved appropriately and transported to the NJDEP-certified laboratory Environmental Compliance Monitoring (ECM) for analysis. The samples were analyzed for total phosphorus (TP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), nitrate-N, nitrite-N, ammonia-N, total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity. Surface samples were also analyzed for alkalinity, chloride, and hardness.
Additionally, samples were collected for zooplankton and phytoplankton analysis, including species composition, dominant organisms, and relative density. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) genera were quantified to estimate cell counts, providing an approximate concentration of cyanobacteria cells per milliliter of water. Samples were also analyzed for the cyanotoxin microcystins using the Abraxis field testing methodology.
The team also evaluated local climatic conditions during the 2021 - 2023 seasons compared to the long-term average. These conditions, including temperature and precipitation, can have significant effects on water quality. The combination of increased precipitation and an increase in temperatures sets the stage for HABs proliferation. The charts below the monthly mean temperatures and monthly precipitation from 2021 – 2023 and the 30-year average; ‘normal’ refers to the monthly average over the 30-year period from 1991 – 2020.
The Water Quality Monitoring analysis revealed several key insights about Mercer Lake's water quality, and indicated that cropland runoff was the most significant source of phosphorus, a key driver of HABs. Hypolimnetic anoxia (the bottom layer of the lake becomes devoid of oxygen) was observed during all three field sampling seasons, contributing to internal phosphorus loading. The water quality monitoring also provided valuable information on the lake’s trophic state and plankton community.
Trophic State Modeling is a method used to assess the productivity of a lake by measuring the levels of nutrients, such as phosphorus, and the resulting biological activity. This assessment helps determine the lake's overall health and informs management strategies. The Trophic State Index (TSI) is a common tool used in this process, calculating index values based on phosphorus concentrations, chlorophyll a levels, and Secchi depths.
For MCPC, Princeton Hydro, utilizing data collected in the field and through lake and watershed modeling, estimated the nutrient status and biological activity of Mercer Lake. Here are a few examples of the models the team utilized:
By leveraging these sophisticated models, Princeton Hydro was able to gain a detailed understanding of Mercer Lake's nutrient dynamics and productivity. Many models were run twice: once for the watershed-based phosphorus load and once for the total combined load. This allowed for a comprehensive assessment of both external and internal nutrient contributions.
To mitigate pollutant loading issues, the Lake and Watershed Management plan outlines a series of Best Management Practices (BMPs) recommendations for implementation throughout the watershed, which include bioretention systems, wetland buffers, riparian buffers, and lakefront aquascaping. Such measures are designed to reduce nutrient loads, improve water quality, and enhance the overall ecological health of the lake and its watershed. By addressing the root causes of nutrient loading and implementing targeted management strategies, the MCPC is continuing their commitment to providing a sustainable and enjoyable recreational experience for park users while safeguarding the lake's ecological integrity.
Stay tuned for more updates as we continue to work with the MCPC on implementing the Mercer Lake and Watershed Management Plan, ensuring the watershed remains a vibrant and healthy resource for generations to come.
Regional watershed planning is crucial for maintaining the health and sustainability of interconnected waterbodies. By considering entire watersheds rather than individual lakes, we can develop more effective and comprehensive strategies to manage water quality, control pollution, and enhance ecological resilience. This holistic approach ensures that all elements within the watershed are addressed, leading to more long-lasting improvements.
Princeton Hydro’s efforts in developing and implementing management plans for Mercer Lake, Curlis Lake, Rosedale Lake, and Spring Lake demonstrate the power of coordinated, science-based planning. By leveraging detailed data and advanced modeling techniques, our team is able to create tailored solutions that meet the specific needs of each lake while contributing to the overall health of the region's aquatic ecosystems.
To read about another project we’re working on in Mercer County, check out our blog about Miry Run Dam Site 21. Through a blend of engineering and ecological enhancements, we are working with MCPC to revitalize 279 acres. With each phase, we edge closer to a vibrant, inclusive space that harmonizes nature and community.
Did you know that New York State is home to a rich tapestry of natural waterbodies, including over 7,600 freshwater lakes, ponds, and reservoirs? Our team recently journeyed to Lake George, New York, to participate in the 41st annual conference of the New York State Federation of Lake Associations (NYSFOLA).
This year’s conference, themed “It Takes a Community to Protect a Watershed,” brought together environmental experts, lake management professionals, students, recreation enthusiasts, watershed advocates, and lake community members to advance the best available information and techniques for protecting and restoring New York’s watersheds. The two-day program featured a diverse exhibitor hall, networking events, a silent auction, a student poster session and a variety of presentations and workshops that combined science, policy, practical applications, and tangible resources.
Princeton Hydro, a proud sponsor of the conference, led two presentations during the “Climate Resilience and Your Lake" segment of the educational program:
Michael Hartshorne, Director of Aquatics, delivered an insightful presentation titled "Impacts of Climate Change on Lake Ecology," which delved into the significant role of climate change in shaping lake ecosystems. During the session, Michael highlighted key factors such as rising water temperatures, heightened frequency and severity of rainfall, depletion of dissolved oxygen, fluctuating patterns of algal blooms, and the migration of invasive species due to changing latitudinal conditions. His presentation underscored the necessity for evolving approaches to lake management in response to these profound ecological shifts.
Dr. Fred Lubnow, Senior Technical Director of Ecological Services, presented "A Survey of the Ecology of Select Lakes and Ponds in Central Park, NYC," which provided an insightful overview of Princeton Hydro's water quality and ecological monitoring efforts conducted across lakes and ponds of Central Park from 2020 to 2023 for the Central Park Conservancy. These assessments revealed elevated nutrient levels driving planktonic algae, filamentous mat algae and in some cases high densities of aquatic plants, prompting the Central Park Conservancy and Princeton Hydro to collaborate on a tailored Management Plan. Fred’s presentation spotlighted the distinct ecological profiles of key sites, addressed the impact of cyanobacteria on both ecological dynamics and recreational usage, and provided practical management methods and techniques.
Additional educational session topics included, Environmental Justice and New York Lakes, Community Leadership for Healthy Lakes in New York State, and iMap Invasive Species Workshop. Click here to view the complete agenda.
Founded in 1983, NYSFOLA is a not-for-profit coalition of lake associations, individuals, and corporate members dedicated to the protection and restoration of New York lakes. Princeton Hydro is the industry leader in lake restoration and watershed management. We have conducted diagnostic studies and have developed management and restoration plans for over 300+ lakes and watersheds throughout the country. Our long-standing partnership with NYSFOLA as a corporate member, annual conference sponsor, and active participant highlights our unwavering commitment to collaborative initiatives aimed at safeguarding our water resources. To learn more about our lake and natural resource management services and how we're contributing to a healthier environment, click here.
Nestled within the New Jersey townships of Hamilton, Robbinsville, and West Windsor lies Miry Run Dam Site 21—an expansive 279-acre parcel with a rich history dating back to its acquisition by Mercer County in the late 1970s. Originally earmarked for flood mitigation and recreation, this hidden gem is on the cusp of a remarkable transformation, poised to unveil its true potential as a thriving public park.
Central to the revitalization efforts is a comprehensive Master Plan, meticulously crafted by Mercer County Park Commission in partnership with Simone Collins Landscape Architecture and Princeton Hydro. This visionary roadmap encompasses a spectrum of engineering and ecological uplift initiatives, including:
The Master Plan serves as a long-term vision for improvements to the property and will be implemented over multiple phases. In 2021, it was recognized with the Landscape Architectural Chapter Award from the New Jersey Chapter American Society of Landscape Architects, which underscores its innovative and impactful approach to landscape design.
Now, Dam Site 21’s revitalization has begun with a crucial endeavor: the dredging of its 50-acre lake. This process, spearheaded by Mercer County Park Commission in collaboration with Princeton Hydro, aims to rejuvenate the water body by removing accumulated debris, sediment, and invasive vegetation—a vital step towards restoring its ecological balance. Beyond the aesthetic and ecological improvements, dredging enhances accessibility for recreational activities that provide an opportunity to create a deeper connection between the park’s visitors and its beautiful natural landscape.
Based on the bathymetric assessment, which the Princeton Hydro team completed as part of the Master Plan, the dredging efforts are focused on three primary areas: Area 1 is located in the main body of the lake just downstream of Line Road and will generate approximately 34,000 cubic yards of dredged material; Area 2, which has approximately 4,900 cubic yards of accumulated sediment is located in the northeast cove, just north of Area 1; and Area 3, the northwestern cove, entails the removal of approximately 7,300 cubic yards of accumulated sediment.
Before the dredging work could begin, the Princeton Hydro team was responsible for providing a sediment sampling plan, sample collection and laboratory analysis, engineering design plan, preparation and submission of all NJDEP regulatory permitting materials, preparation of the technical specifications, and bid administration. Currently, our team is providing construction administration and oversight for the project.
The journey towards Dam Site 21's revival has been marked by meticulous planning, design, and community engagement spanning several years. With the commencement of dredging operations, the project's vision is gradually materializing—a testament to the dedication of all stakeholders involved. As the first phase unfolds, anticipation mounts for the realization of a vibrant, inclusive public space that honors both nature and community.
As Dam Site 21 undergoes its metamorphosis, it symbolizes not just a physical restoration, but a renewal of collective vision and commitment. Ultimately, Dam Site 21 isn't just a park—it's a testament to the enduring legacy of conservation, community, and the transformative power of restoration.
The significance of Dam Site 21's transformation extends far beyond its recreational appeal. It embodies a commitment to environmental stewardship, with measures aimed at bolstering flood resilience, improving water quality, and nurturing diverse wildlife habitats. By blending conservation with recreation, the project strikes an important balance between creating access for community members to enjoy the space and ecological preservation that puts native plants, critical habitat, and wildlife at the forefront.
To learn more about the restoration initiative and view the Final Master Plan, visit the Mercer County Park Commission’s website. Click here to learn about another one of Princeton Hydro’s recent restoration efforts. And, stay tuned here for more Mercer County Park Commission project updates!
We are thrilled to announce that Dr. Fred Lubnow, Senior Technical Director of Ecological Services at Princeton Hydro, has been honored with the prestigious Peter Homack Award by the American Water Resources Association, New Jersey Section (NJ-AWRA). The award was presented during NJ-AWRA’s annual meeting in December, recognizing Fred’s outstanding contributions to the multi-disciplinary understanding and management of New Jersey’s water resources.
The Peter Homack Award, established in 1987, commemorates the late Peter Homack, a former NJ-AWRA president and distinguished New Jersey engineer. The award celebrates individuals who exemplify Homack’s legacy of advancing water resource management through collaboration and innovation.
Fred’s selection for this honor is a testament to his decades-long dedication to the restoration and protection of water resources. Since Princeton Hydro’s founding in 1998, Fred has played a pivotal role in the study and restoration of hundreds of lakes across New Jersey and the Mid-Atlantic region. His work at Lake Hopatcong, in particular, stands as a shining example of his commitment. For over 30 years, Fred has partnered with Lake Hopatcong stakeholders to implement comprehensive restoration plans, develop best management practices, and achieve milestones toward the lake’s water quality goals.
Beyond his work at Princeton Hydro, Fred has enriched the field of water resource management through education and stewardship. He teaches watershed management at Delaware Valley University and freshwater ecology at Villanova University, inspiring the next generation of environmental stewards. Fred has contributed to NJ-ARWA over the last five years through a variety of presentations on harmful algal blooms (HABs) and watershed planning. Additionally, he has held leadership roles in the North American Lake Management Society (NALMS) and the Pennsylvania Lake Management Society. Selected as a member of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection’s HAB Expert Team, Fred has been instrumental in shaping the HAB advisory and alert systems we rely on today. His contributions have advanced our understanding of the factors driving cyanobacterial blooms in New Jersey’s lakes, offering valuable insights to improve the prediction, prevention, and management of these blooms.
Although Fred could not attend the award ceremony in person, he joined virtually via Zoom as his colleague Michael Hartshorne, Princeton Hydro’s Director of Aquatics, accepted the award on his behalf. During Michael's acceptance speech, he said:
“I’ve worked with Fred since I started at Princeton Hydro in 2006. He’s a humble leader, a dedicated mentor, and an overall fantastic person. Fred’s enthusiasm for lake ecology, particularly algae, is truly infectious. It’s a rare skill to make others genuinely excited about such a niche topic, but Fred has a remarkable way of doing just that. Fred truly embodies the spirit of the Peter Homack Award, and it’s an honor to receive this on his behalf.”
Fred’s passion, expertise, and collaborative spirit have left an indelible mark on water resource management in New Jersey and beyond. Princeton Hydro congratulates him on this well-deserved recognition and looks forward to his continued contributions to the field.
On July 31, 2023, renowned limnologist Dr. Robert Evan Carlson passed away after his battle with Parkinson’s disease and multiple myeloma. Below is a statement by Princeton Hydro’s Senior Technical Director of Ecological Services, Dr. Fred S. Lubnow, who speaks for all of us at Princeton Hydro, on the legacy that Dr. Carlson left on the field of limnology.
“The field of limnology, and ecology in general, recently lost one of its greats with the passing of Dr. Robert Evan Carlson. His contributions to the fields of limnology and lake management were numerous, but he is best known for the development of the Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI). This is an internationally accepted protocol of assessing the health of lakes, ponds, and reservoirs that is used by everyone - from lake associations and ecological consultants to local, state, and federal governments - as a means of determining both declines in water quality due to increased nutrient loading and/or climate change, and improvements through watershed management and in-lake control measures.
As mentioned in his obituary, Dr. Carlson created the Secchi Dip-in, which is an annual summer event where volunteers measure the clarity of lakes throughout North America to develop a database on the overall health and status of our inland waterbodies. This program has grown to be a staple during Lakes Appreciation Month in July, and his tradition will continue on in every sample collected by volunteers.
As both a professor at Kent State University and an environmental consultant through his company Clearwater Environmental Consulting, Inc., Bob was an incredible source of information on measures to restore, protect, and preserve our aquatic ecosystems. On a personal note, I have met and spoken with Bob from time to time at the North American Lake Management Society’s annual conferences, and he was always willing to discuss and share his knowledge on lakes. Bob was always very friendly and generated a passion for freshwater ecology and management that was contagious. Bob will be sorely missed, but his legacy will live on as the TSI is widely used and the Great Secchi Dip-In continues in the future! Rest in Peace.”
A celebration of his life will be held on Saturday, November 4, 2023 at 2:00 PM at the Kent United Church of Christ, 1400 E. Main St. Kent, OH 44240. Donations in Bob’s memory can be made to the Dr. Robert E. Carlson Scholarship in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Kent State University. This scholarship offers stipends for students to travel to professional conferences, reflecting his passion for helping students in their studies and professional careers. Gifts to this scholarship fund can be made payable to The Kent State University Foundation and sent to The Kent State University Foundation, Attn: Gift Processing; P.O. Box 5190, 350 S. Lincoln St., Kent, Ohio 44242.
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) represent the rapid proliferation of cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae. While cyanobacteria are not technically algae but rather single-celled aquatic organisms related to bacteria, they possess the ability to photosynthesize like algae. These tiny microorganisms naturally inhabit aquatic ecosystems. However, under specific circumstances, such as heavy rainfall followed by scorching sunshine, they can rapidly multiply, resulting in the formation of cyanobacteria blooms, commonly known as HABs.
HABs can wreak havoc on waterbodies, leading to significant water quality issues and the unsightly appearance of surface scum, sometimes accompanied by unpleasant odors. The consequences extend beyond aesthetics and pose economic challenges for communities reliant on local lakes and waterways for jobs and tourism. Furthermore, HABs can produce highly toxic substances that pose serious risks to humans, aquatic life, and animals, including our beloved pets, wildlife, and livestock.
The effects of HABs on animals vary depending on factors such as the animal's size, exposure to cyanobacteria, duration of exposure, specific toxin types, and concentrations. Animals are often the first victims, drawn to bodies of water containing cyanobacteria due to their natural instincts. Dogs, in particular, are vulnerable as they may unwittingly ingest contaminated water during play. Livestock and wildlife are also at risk when drinking from contaminated water sources.
In 2021, researchers published a groundbreaking study linking cyanobacteria-generated neurotoxins to the deaths of eagles and waterbirds. After extensive research spanning three decades, scientists determined that cyanotoxins are responsible for a fatal neurological disease called vacuolar myelinopathy, commonly affecting waterbirds, raptors, and bald eagles.
Cyanobacterial poisoning symptoms can manifest within minutes to a few hours, depending on the severity of exposure. Dogs, in particular, may exhibit symptoms rapidly. Common signs include an accelerated heart rate, breathing difficulties, excessive salivation, disorientation or depression, vomiting or diarrhea, skin irritations, and neurological symptoms such as muscle weakness, dizziness, seizures, or paralysis.
It is crucial to seek immediate veterinary care or contact the Poison Control Center if you suspect your pet or livestock may be experiencing symptoms caused by harmful algae, cyanobacteria, or their toxins. The following 24-hour pet poison hotlines are available for assistance:
To protect your pets and livestock, avoid letting them come into contact with surface scums or heavily discolored water. In case of exposure, rinse them with clean water as soon as possible, as HABs can cling to their fur and pose health risks when they groom themselves. This is particularly important because certain HABs release fast-acting nerve toxins that can be especially dangerous for dogs swimming in affected areas.
Here are some additional steps you can take to safeguard yourself and your pets from the harmful effects of algae and cyanobacteria:
By staying informed and implementing necessary precautions, we can protect ourselves, our pets, and the environment from the risks associated with HABs. For further HABs related information and guidance, click here to watch a Facebook Live presentation with Princeton Hydro HABs experts. To get involved with monitoring and tracking harmful algal blooms, check out the bloomWatch App, a valuable tool for identifying and reporting potential HAB sightings to local authorities.
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